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Buffalo az amerikai New York állam második legnépesebb városa New York után. Az állam nyugati részén, az Erie-tó keleti partján fekszik, ahol a Niagara-folyó elhagyja a tavat.
- Buffalo pecsétje
- Erie megye
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- Etymology
- Pre-Columbian Era to European Exploration
- Erie Canal, Grain and Commerce
- Steel Industry and Decline
- Modern Era
- References
- Bibliography
- Further Reading
- External Links
The City of Buffalo, formerly known as Buffalo Creek, received its name from the creek that flows through it. However, the origin of the creek's name is unclear, with several unproven theories existing. Early French explorers reported the abundance of buffalo on the Eastern shore of Lake Erie, but their presence on the banks of Buffalo Creek is sti...
Amerindian Crossroads
The first inhabitants of New York State are believed to have been nomadic Paleo-Indians who migrated after the disappearance of Pleistocene glaciers during or before 7000 BCE.[citation needed] The societies of the Native Forest dwellers we know as Native Americans or First Nations made highways of the Great Lakes' streams and were far more social than their reputed penchant for warfare, cruelty, and collecting scalps would suggest. Their canoes were built from lightweight birch bark, or far m...
First Europeans, 1758–1793
Most of western New York was granted by Charles II of England to the Duke of York (later King James II & VII), but the first European settlement in what is now Erie County was by the French, at the mouth of Buffalo Creek in 1758. Its buildings were destroyed a year later by the evacuating French after the British captured Fort Niagara. The British took control of the entire region in 1763, at the conclusion of the French and Indian War. In 1764, British military engineer John Montresor made a...
Holland Land Purchase, 1793–1825
On July 20, 1793, the Holland Land Purchase, including the land of present-day Buffalo, was completed with land being acquired from the Seneca Indians and brokered by Dutch investors from Holland. The Treaty of Big Tree removed Iroquois title to lands west of the Genesee River in 1797. Although other Senecas were involved in ceding their land, the most famous today is Red Jacket, who died in Buffalo in 1830. His grave is in Forest Lawn Cemetery. In the fall of 1797, Joseph Ellicott, the archi...
Erie Canal, 1825–1850
On October 26, 1825, the Erie Canal was completed, formed from part of Buffalo Creek, with Buffalo a port-of-call for settlers heading westward. Buffalo became the western end of the 524-mile waterway starting at New York City. At the time, the population was about 2,400. By 1826, the 130 sq. mile Buffalo Creek Reservation at the western border of the village was transferred to Buffalo. The Erie Canal brought a surge in population and commerce, which led Buffalo to incorporate as a city in 18...
Railroads and industry, 1850–1900
By 1850, the city's population was 81,000. In 1853, Buffalo annexed Black Rock, which had been Buffalo's fierce rival for the canal terminus. During the 19th century, thousands of pioneers going to the western United States debarked from canal boats to continue their journey out of Buffalo by lake or rail transport. During their stopover, many experienced the pleasures and dangers of Buffalo's notorious Canal district. The Erie Canal's peak year was 1855, when 33,000 commercial shipments took...
City of Light, 1900–1957
Around the start of the 20th century, Buffalo was a growing city with a burgeoning economy. Immigrants came from Ireland, Italy, Germany, and Poland to work in the steel and grain mills which had taken advantage of the city's critical location at the junction of the Great Lakes and the Erie Canal. Hydroelectric power harnessed from nearby Niagara Falls made Buffalo the first American city to have widespread electric lighting yielding it the nickname, the "City of Light". Electricity was used...
Suburbanization and decline, 1957–2010
The city's population gradually began to decline in the decades after World War II. A key cause was suburban migration, which was a major national trend at the time. Race riots rocked the city in 1967, and while the city's population declined in the 1960 census for the first time in its history, Erie Countyas a whole continued growing through the 1970 census. Another factor was the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1957. Goods which had previously passed through Buffalo could now bypass i...
Signs of recovery, 2010–present
As of 2020, there are significant signs that Buffalo's decline may have bottomed out over the past decade, and there are increasing signs of growth in the city and region. The 2020 censuswas the first in 70 years that saw both Buffalo and Erie County gain population. The area was not as significantly affected by the Great Recession from 2007 to 2009 as much of the nation, in part because the city never experienced the major housing bubble that other cities did. The Canalside neighborhood star...
Works cited
1. Becker, Sophie C. (1906). Sketches of early Buffalo and the Niagara region. Buffalo, N.Y.: McLaughlin Press. OCLC 12629461. 2. Bingham, Robert W. (1931). The cradle of the Queen city: a history of Buffalo to the incorporation of the city. Publications, Buffalo Historical Society,v. 31. Buffalo, N.Y.: Buffalo Historical Society. hdl:2027/uva.x000743988. OCLC 364308016. Archived from the original on June 22, 2021. Retrieved June 9, 2021. 3. Brush, Edward H. (1901). Iroquois Past and Present....
Smith, H. Perry. (1884). History of the city of Buffalo and Erie County : with ... biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers ...Syracuse, NY: D. Mason & Co.
Coffey, Brian, and Allen G. Noble. "Mid-nineteenth century housing in Buffalo, New York." Material Culture 28.3 (1996): 1–16. in JSTORGerber, David A. The Making of an American Pluralism: Buffalo, New York, 1825-60(Univ of Illinois Press, 1989).Holli, Melvin G., and Jones, Peter d'A., eds. Biographical Dictionary of American Mayors, 1820-1980 (Greenwood Press, 1981) short scholarly biographies each of the city's mayors 1820 to 1980. onlin...Jenkins, William. "In Search of the Lace Curtain: Residential Mobility, Class Transformation, and Everyday Practice among Buffalo’s Irish, 1880—1910." Journal of Urban History35.7 (2009): 970–997.Firsts in Buffalo: A List of Major and Minor Individuals and Events: A list of over 350 persons and events with sources, by the Buffalo History Museum.In April 2017, Cuomo secured another $500 million for the Buffalo Billion project, about half of which went into the Tesla facility, bringing New York’s total investment in the factory to $959 million. Construction. Construction began in September 2014.
- 2014–2017
- Buffalo, New York, United States
- August 2017
The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 3.07. In the city the population included 26.3% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 19.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.6 males.
Buffalo (ahoskera ingelesez: ˈbʌfəloʊ) Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako New York estatuko hiria da. 2010ean 261.310 biztanle zituen eta estatuaren iparraldeko eskualdearen hiriburutzat hartzen dute. Klima [ aldatu | aldatu iturburu kodea ]
Buffalo is the second-biggest city in New York State. There are about 278,000 people in the city of Buffalo. There are more than a million people in the surrounding area. Buffalo is on the east end of Lake Erie near the Niagara River. It is close to Niagara Falls, and to Canada.
