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The Code Fixer tool can handle a wide range of code issues, including syntax errors, logical errors, performance optimizations, code style violations, security vulnerabilities, and more. It can also help with code refactoring, suggesting improvements for code structure, naming conventions, and design patterns.
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Line 1: using System means that we can use classes from the System namespace. Line 2: A blank line. C# ignores white space. However, multiple lines makes the code more readable. Line 3: namespace is used to organize your code, and it is a container for classes and other namespaces. Line 4: The curly braces {} marks the beginning and the end of ...
Aug 9, 2011 · It can also be a c# parser with build-in validation. Background: I'm building a little Code-Generator where the user can enter some definitions and gets back full implemented properties etc., but I want to check if the user entered correct C# and if the result is correct, too. Edit:
Code sample
foreach(CompilerError CompErr in results.Errors) {textBox2.Text = textBox2.Text +"Line number " + CompErr.Line +", Error Number: " + CompErr.ErrorNumber +", '" + CompErr.ErrorText + ";" +...- Overview
- Installation instructions - Visual Studio Installer
- Understanding syntax trees
- Traversing trees
- Syntax walkers
In this tutorial, you'll explore the Syntax API. The Syntax API provides access to the data structures that describe a C# or Visual Basic program. These data structures have enough detail that they can fully represent any program of any size. These structures can describe complete programs that compile and run correctly. They can also describe incomplete programs, as you write them, in the editor.
To enable this rich expression, the data structures and APIs that make up the Syntax API are necessarily complex. Let's start with what the data structure looks like for the typical "Hello World" program:
Look at the text of the previous program. You recognize familiar elements. The entire text represents a single source file, or a compilation unit. The first three lines of that source file are using directives. The remaining source is contained in a namespace declaration. The namespace declaration contains a child class declaration. The class declaration contains one method declaration.
The Syntax API creates a tree structure with the root representing the compilation unit. Nodes in the tree represent the using directives, namespace declaration and all the other elements of the program. The tree structure continues down to the lowest levels: the string "Hello World!" is a string literal token that is a descendent of an argument. The Syntax API provides access to the structure of the program. You can query for specific code practices, walk the entire tree to understand the code, and create new trees by modifying the existing tree.
That brief description provides an overview of the kind of information accessible using the Syntax API. The Syntax API is nothing more than a formal API that describes the familiar code constructs you know from C#. The full capabilities include information about how the code is formatted including line breaks, white space, and indenting. Using this information, you can fully represent the code as written and read by human programmers or the compiler. Using this structure enables you to interact with the source code on a deeply meaningful level. It's no longer text strings, but data that represents the structure of a C# program.
To get started, you'll need to install the .NET Compiler Platform SDK:
Install using the Visual Studio Installer - Workloads view
The .NET Compiler Platform SDK is not automatically selected as part of the Visual Studio extension development workload. You must select it as an optional component. 1.Run Visual Studio Installer 2.Select Modify 3.Check the Visual Studio extension development workload. 4.Open the Visual Studio extension development node in the summary tree. 5.Check the box for .NET Compiler Platform SDK. You'll find it last under the optional components. Optionally, you'll also want the DGML editor to display graphs in the visualizer: 1.Open the Individual components node in the summary tree. 2.Check the box for DGML editor
Install using the Visual Studio Installer - Individual components tab
1.Run Visual Studio Installer 2.Select Modify 3.Select the Individual components tab 4.Check the box for .NET Compiler Platform SDK. You'll find it at the top under the Compilers, build tools, and runtimes section. Optionally, you'll also want the DGML editor to display graphs in the visualizer: 1.Check the box for DGML editor. You'll find it under the Code tools section.
You use the Syntax API for any analysis of the structure of C# code. The Syntax API exposes the parsers, the syntax trees, and utilities for analyzing and constructing syntax trees. It's how you search code for specific syntax elements or read the code for a program.
A syntax tree is a data structure used by the C# and Visual Basic compilers to understand C# and Visual Basic programs. Syntax trees are produced by the same parser that runs when a project is built or a developer hits F5. The syntax trees have full-fidelity with the language; every bit of information in a code file is represented in the tree. Writing a syntax tree to text reproduces the exact original text that was parsed. The syntax trees are also immutable; once created a syntax tree can never be changed. Consumers of the trees can analyze the trees on multiple threads, without locks or other concurrency measures, knowing the data never changes. You can use APIs to create new trees that are the result of modifying an existing tree.
The four primary building blocks of syntax trees are:
•The Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.SyntaxTree class, an instance of which represents an entire parse tree. SyntaxTree is an abstract class that has language-specific derivatives. You use the parse methods of the Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.CSharpSyntaxTree (or Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.VisualBasic.VisualBasicSyntaxTree) class to parse text in C# (or Visual Basic).
•The Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.SyntaxNode class, instances of which represent syntactic constructs such as declarations, statements, clauses, and expressions.
•The Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.SyntaxToken structure, which represents an individual keyword, identifier, operator, or punctuation.
Manual traversal
You can see the finished code for this sample in our GitHub repository. Create a new C# Stand-Alone Code Analysis Tool project: •In Visual Studio, choose File > New > Project to display the New Project dialog. •Under Visual C# > Extensibility, choose Stand-Alone Code Analysis Tool. •Name your project "SyntaxTreeManualTraversal" and click OK.
Query methods
In addition to traversing trees, you can also explore the syntax tree using the query methods defined on Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.SyntaxNode. These methods should be immediately familiar to anyone familiar with XPath. You can use these methods with LINQ to quickly find things in a tree. The SyntaxNode has query methods such as DescendantNodes, AncestorsAndSelf and ChildNodes. You can use these query methods to find the argument to the Main method as an alternative to navigating the tree. Add the following code to the bottom of your Main method: The first statement uses a LINQ expression and the DescendantNodes method to locate the same parameter as in the previous example. Run the program, and you can see that the LINQ expression found the same parameter as manually navigating the tree. The sample uses WriteLine statements to display information about the syntax trees as they are traversed. You can also learn much more by running the finished program under the debugger. You can examine more of the properties and methods that are part of the syntax tree created for the hello world program.
Often you want to find all nodes of a specific type in a syntax tree, for example, every property declaration in a file. By extending the Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.CSharpSyntaxWalker class and overriding the VisitPropertyDeclaration(PropertyDeclarationSyntax) method, you process every property declaration in a syntax tree without knowing its structure beforehand. CSharpSyntaxWalker is a specific kind of CSharpSyntaxVisitor that recursively visits a node and each of its children.
This example implements a CSharpSyntaxWalker that examines a syntax tree. It collects using directives it finds that aren't importing a System namespace.
Create a new C# Stand-Alone Code Analysis Tool project; name it "SyntaxWalker."
You can see the finished code for this sample in our GitHub repository. The sample on GitHub contains both projects described in this tutorial.
As in the previous sample, you can define a string constant to hold the text of the program you're going to analyze:
This source text contains using directives scattered across four different locations: the file-level, in the top-level namespace, and in the two nested namespaces. This example highlights a core scenario for using the CSharpSyntaxWalker class to query code. It would be cumbersome to visit every node in the root syntax tree to find using declarations. Instead, you create a derived class and override the method that gets called only when the current node in the tree is a using directive. Your visitor does not do any work on any other node types. This single method examines each of the using statements and builds a collection of the namespaces that aren't in the System namespace. You build a CSharpSyntaxWalker that examines all the using statements, but only the using statements.
Oct 11, 2022 · The Syntax Visualizer enables inspection of the syntax tree for the C# or Visual Basic code file in the current active editor window inside the Visual Studio IDE. The visualizer can be launched by clicking on View > Other Windows > Syntax Visualizer. You can also use the Quick Launch toolbar in the upper right corner.
Feb 4, 2022 · C# Tutorial: Write your first analyzer and code fix. Article. 02/04/2022. 13 contributors. Feedback. In this article. Prerequisites. Installation instructions - Visual Studio Installer. Create the solution. Explore the analyzer template. Show 8 more.
