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The concept of "Central Europe" appeared in the 19th century. It was understood as a contact zone between the Southern and Northern areas, and later the Eastern and Western areas, of Europe. Thinkers portrayed "Central Europe" either as a separate region, or a buffer zone between these regions. In the early nineteenth century, the terms "Middle ...
- Central and Eastern Europe
Central and Eastern Europe is a geopolitical term...
- Central European
Central European may mean: A person of one of a Central...
- Central and Eastern Europe
Central Europe is the area around the Alps and Carpathian Mountains lying between the regions of Eastern and Western Europe. It includes countries that may also be referred to as Eastern or Western European. The understanding of the concept of Central Europe varies considerably from nation to nation, and also has from time to time.
- Central Europe: The Region and Its Diversity
- Early Modern Social History and The Confessional State
- The Bourgeoisie and The Emergent Public Sphere
- The 1848 Revolutions
- Creating The National Scale, Broadening The Public Sphere
- The Renegotiation of State-Society Relations: World War I and The 1920s
- State Over Society in Nazi Germany
- Postwar Restructuring
- Bibliography
"Central Europe" denotes the lands bordered on the west by the Rhine River basin and in the east by a topographically unmarked line running roughly from just west of Warsaw to Budapest and then, swinging further west, to Trieste. In the north, the Baltic and North Seas mark its bounds; in the south, the southern descent of the Alps. Central Europe ...
The heavy hand of the state in central European society dates back to the early modern era. The Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 marked the end of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), the last of a series of wars launched by the Lutheran Reformation. The treaty reaffirmed the distinctive central European pattern of decentralized state building in the Hol...
Still, the cities of early modern central Europe were important as sites of formation of middle-classes and a bourgeois public sphere. As was true elsewhere in Europe, the new institutions of communications and sociability associated with the "the public" were dominated by urban, educated, middle-class men. Such men were attracted to Enlightenment ...
The contradictions of liberalism came to the fore in the revolution of 1848. Paralleling the French Revolution, the revolts that began during the "March Days" of 1848 resulted from the convergence of political challenges and socioeconomic crises. The political challenge involved clamor for reform on several fronts. Since the 1820s student fraternit...
National unification was created in the end with help from these same Prussian armies. The Second German Empire was forged under the leadership of the Prussian state, led by the conservative chancellor Otto von Bismarck. Social, economic, and political trends favoring unification had been developing for decades (including communications networks, t...
The next stage of renegotiation of state-society boundaries came in World War I, which required an unprecedented mobilization of society. The army drafted men and reoriented resources, human and material, into the war economy. Beyond its intensified control over the economy, the wartime government found it necessary to maintain morale at home and a...
The Nazis assumed power in 1933 with the backing of a substantial segment of the German population (they had won 37 percent of the vote in 1932), but they were not voted into power by an electoral majority. Instead, the Nazis were brought into government by a camarilla of powerful individuals around President von Hindenburg. These army officers, no...
At the end of World War II, Germany lay devastated, the country divided and occupied by the victorious Allied powers. Ultimately the national scale would survive, but in altered form. Two distinct German nation-states, the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the German Democratic Republic (GDR), joined Austria and Switzerland, whose prewar border...
Barclay, David E., and Eric D. Weitz, eds. Between Reform and Revolution: Studies in German Socialism and Communism from 1840 to 1990. New York, 1998. Blackbourn, David, and Geoff Eley. The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany. New York, 1984. Blickle, Peter. From the Communal Reformation to ...
Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern, Southern, Western and Northern Europe. Central Europe is known for its cultural diversity; however, countries in this region also share historical and cultural similarities.
List of Central European countries by development indexes. Bucharest Nine. Central 5. Central and Eastern Europe. Central European Defence Cooperation. Central European Forum. Central European Initiative. Central European Jamboree. Communist nostalgia. Czech Republic. Heimatstil. Human trafficking in Central Europe.
