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Charles Martel of Anjou. Charles Martel ( Hungarian: Martell Károly; 8 September 1271 – 12 August 1295) of the Capetian dynasty was the eldest son of king Charles II of Naples and Mary of Hungary, [1] the daughter of King Stephen V of Hungary . The 18-year-old Charles Martel was set up by Pope Nicholas IV and the ecclesiastical party as the ...
Charles I of Anjou. Charles I (early 1226/1227 – 7 January 1285), commonly called Charles of Anjou or Charles d'Anjou, was a member of the royal Capetian dynasty and the founder of the second House of Anjou. He was Count of Provence (1246–1285) and Forcalquier (1246–1248, 1256–1285) in the Holy Roman Empire, Count of Anjou and Maine ...
- 1246–1285
- Louis VIII of France
- Charles II
- Blanche of Castile
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- Background
- Contesting For Power
- Consolidation of Power
- Aquitaine and The Battle of Tours in 732
- Wars of 732–737
- Interregnum
- Death and Transition in Rule
- Legacy
- Reputation and Historiography
- External Links
Charles, nicknamed "Martel" ("the Hammer") in later chronicles, was a son of Pepin of Herstal and his mistress, possible second wife, Alpaida. He had a brother named Childebrand, who later became the Frankish dux (that is, duke) of Burgundy. Older historiography commonly describes Charles as "illegitimate", but the dividing line between wives and c...
In December 714, Pepin of Herstal died. A few months before his death and shortly after the murder of his son Grimoald the Younger, he had, at his wife Plectrude's urging, designated Theudoald, his grandson by their late son Grimoald, his heir in the entire realm. This was immediately opposed by the Austrasian nobles because Theudoald was a child o...
Upon this success, Charles proclaimed Chlothar IV king in Austrasia in opposition to Chilperic and deposed Rigobert, archbishop of Reims, replacing him with Milo, a lifelong supporter. In 718, Chilperic responded to Charles's new ascendancy by making an alliance with Odo the Great (or Eudes, as he is sometimes known), the duke of Aquitaine, who had...
In 731, after defeating the Saxons, Charles turned his attention to the rival southern realm of Aquitaine, and crossed the Loire, breaking the treaty with Duke Odo. The Franks ransacked Aquitaine twice, and captured Bourges, although Odo retook it. The Continuations of Fredegar allege that Odo called on assistance from the recently established emir...
Between his victory of 732 and 735, Charles reorganized the kingdom of Burgundy, replacing the counts and dukes with his loyal supporters, thus strengthening his hold on power. He was forced, by the ventures of Bubo, Duke of the Frisians, to invade independent-minded Frisia again in 734. In that year, he slew the duke at the Battle of the Boarn. Ch...
In 737, at the tail end of his campaigning in Provence and Septimania, the Merovingian king, Theuderic IV, died. Charles, titling himself maior domus and princeps et dux Francorum, did not appoint a new king and nobody acclaimed one. The throne lay vacant until Charles' death. The interregnum, the final four years of Charles' life, was relatively p...
Charles died on 22 October 741, at Quierzy-sur-Oise in what is today the Aisne département in the Picardy region of France. He was buried at Saint Denis Basilica in Paris. His territories had been divided among his adult sons a year earlier: to Carloman he gave Austrasia, Alemannia, and Thuringia, and to Pippin the Younger Neustria, Burgundy, Prove...
Earlier in his life Charles had many internal opponents and felt the need to appoint his own kingly claimant, Chlotar IV. Later, however, the dynamics of rulership in Francia had changed, and no hallowed Merovingian ruler was required. Charles divided his realm among his sons without opposition (though he ignored his young son Bernard). For many hi...
Military victories
For early medieval authors, Charles was famous for his military victories. Paul the Deacon for instance attributed a victory against the Saracens actually won by Odo of Aquitaine to Charles. However, alongside this there soon developed a darker reputation, for his alleged abuse of church property. A ninth-century text, the Visio Eucherii, possibly written by Hincmar of Reims, portrayed Charles as suffering in hell for this reason. According to British medieval historian Paul Fouracre, this wa...
Order of the Genet
In the seventeenth century, a legend emerged that Charles had formed the first regular order of knights in France. In 1620, Andre Favyn stated (without providing a source) that among the spoils Charles's forces captured after the Battle of Tours were many genets (raised for their fur) and several of their pelts. Charles gave these furs to leaders amongst his army, forming the first order of knighthood, the Order of the Genet. Favyn's claim was then repeated and elaborated in later works in En...
Poke's edition of Creasy's 15 Most Important Battles Ever Fought According to Edward Shepherd Creasy"Chapter VII. The Battle of Tours, A.D. 732.""The Battle of Tours"—In Our Time, BBC Radio 4(2014)Medieval Sourcebook: Arabs, Franks, and the Battle of Tours, 732 (Archived 11 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine)- 718 – 22 October 741
- Pepin of Herstal
Feb 6, 2024 · Charles Martel (8 September 1271 – 12 August 1295) of the Angevin dynasty, also known as Charles I Martel, (French: Charles Martel d'Anjou, Italian: Carlo Martello) was the eldest son of king Charles II of Naples and Maria of Hungary, the daughter of King Stephen V of Hungary. The 18-year-old Charles Martel was set up by Pope Nicholas IV and ...
- Napoli (Naples)
- Clemence of Austria, Titular Queen of Hungary
Charles Martel of the Capetian dynasty was the eldest son of king Charles II of Naples and Mary of Hungary, the daughter of King Stephen V of Hungary. The 18-year-old Charles Martel was set up by Pope Nicholas IV and the ecclesiastical party as the titular King of Hungary (1290–1295) as the successor of his maternal uncle, the childless Ladislaus IV of Hungary against whom the Pope had ...
Aug 19, 2021 · The Battle of Poitiers aka the Battle of Tours took place over roughly a week in early October of 732. The opposing sides consisted of a Frankish army led by Charles Martel (r. 718-741) against an invading Muslim army under the nominal sovereignty of the Umayyad Caliphate (c. 661-750) based in Damascus, Syria.
Apr 27, 2019 · Charles Martel (8 September 1271 – 12 August 1295) of the Angevin dynasty, also known as Charles I Martel, (French: Charles Martel d'Anjou, Italian: Carlo Martello, Hungarian: Martell Károly) was the eldest son of king Charles II of Naples and Maria of Hungary, the daughter of King Stephen V of Hungary. The 18-year-old Charles Martel was set ...
