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Charles is a web proxy (HTTP Proxy / HTTP Monitor) that runs on your own computer. Your web browser (or any other Internet application) is then configured to access the Internet through Charles, and Charles is then able to record and display for you all of the data that is sent and received.
If Charles is running and you're using Charles as your proxy, you can also use local.charles as an alternative for localhost. Note that this only works when you're using Charles as your proxy, so the above approaches are preferred, unless you specifically want requests to fail if not using Charles.
This is the simplest and most common thing you can do with Charles. It is incredibly powerful as you are now able to see everything that is being transmitted and received – it lets you look underneath the hood at what is actually happening. Charles Web Debugging Proxy - Official Site.
Proxying. Charles is an HTTP and SOCKS proxy server. Proxying requests and responses enables Charles to inspect and change requests as they pass from the client to the server, and the response as it passes from the server to the client. This section outlines some of the proxying functions that Charles provides.
This functionality is essential for debugging secure (SSL) web applications. You may turn on or off this SSL proxying in the Proxy Preferences. With SSL proxying turned off Charles just forwards all SSL traffic directly to the target web server.
Browser & System Configuration. In order for any browser (or any application) to use Charles it must be configured to use Charles as its proxy server. Most browsers will have a way to configure this manually, but configuring manually is annoying because you have to configure and reconfigure everytime you start and stop Charles.
Charles 4 includes an upgrade to the latest and greatest HTTP standard, the latest and greatest IP standard, and the biggest UI update ever for Charles. It is also the first paid upgrade in Charles’s long history.
