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Chełm is a multiple (former) bishopric. Its name comes from the Proto-Slavic word xъlmъ, a hill, in reference to the Wysoka Górka fortified settlement. [2] [3] Chełm was once a multicultural and religious centre populated by Catholics, Eastern Orthodox Christians, Protestants and Jews.
Chełm, city, Lubelskie województwo (province), eastern Poland. The city is located on the Uherka River, a tributary of the Bug River, 15 miles (24 km) west of the Ukrainian border. Chełm received town rights in 1233, passed to Poland in 1377, and fell to Austria (1795) and then to Russia (1815).
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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The Wise Men of Chelm ( Yiddish: Khelemer khakhomim) are dumb Jewish residents of the Polish city of Chełm, a butt of Jewish jokes, similar to other towns of fools: the English Wise Men of Gotham, German Schildbürger, Greek residents of Abdera, or Finnish residents of the fictional town of Hymylä.
Chełm Land (ziemia chełmska) and other historical lands of Poland against the background of modern administrative borders. Chełm Land was a region of the Kingdom of Poland and later of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795). Today, the region is situated in the modern states of Poland, Ukraine, and Belarus.
Chełm (khĕlm), Rus. Kholm, city (1994 est. pop. 67,900), Lubelskie prov., E Poland. It is a railway junction and has industries manufacturing metals, lumber, machinery, cement, and liquors. An old Slavic settlement, Chełm was chartered in 1233.
The historic city of Chełm, the provincial capital in the district of Lublin on the eastern border of Poland, had a large Jewish community with a vibrant Yiddish and Hebrew culture, Jewish education and a rich religious and political life. During the Second World War the Germans conquered Chełm and murdered almost the entire Jewish community.
