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Cholera. Cholera is an acute infection of the small bowel by the gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which secretes a toxin that causes copious watery diarrhea, leading to dehydration, oliguria, and circulatory collapse. Infection is typically through contaminated water or shellfish. Diagnosis is by culture or serology.
Cholera. Cholera is a bacterial disease transmitted in water or food contaminated with Vibrio cholerae bacteria and has existed since at least 500 B.C. Symptoms typically include diarrhea and vomiting and can be mild or fatal. The earliest discovery of the bacterium was in 1854 by Italian Filippo Pacini. His work went mostly unnoticed.
The first cholera pandemic occurred in the Bengal region of India, near Calcutta (now Kolkata), starting in 1817 through 1824. The disease dispersed from India to Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and Eastern Africa through trade routes. [6]
Vaccines are usually evaluated in field studies by comparing the incidence of disease (in this case, cholera) in a vaccinated population to an unvaccinated placebo control population. An important re-analysis of a large study involving a vaccine containing inactivated cholera found that the incidence of cholera among the placebo recipients ...
Feb 28, 2023 · The key to mitigating cholera outbreaks, controlling the disease when it becomes endemic, and reducing mortality continues to be a multidisciplinary approach to prevention, preparedness, and response, coupled with a robust surveillance system for timely case detection. Treatment. Cholera is a disease that responds satisfactorily to medical ...
May 8, 2022 · 1. Introduction. Cholera is a disease associated with destitution [].The heavy reliance on untreated environmental water sources for daily water needs such as drinking, bathing, cooking, and washing utensils by poverty-stricken communities increases the risk of ingesting copepods, the biotic carriers for cholera-causing bacteria Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139 (V. cholerae).
Cholera is an extremely virulent disease that can cause severe acute watery diarrhoea. It takes between 12 hours and 5 days for a person to show symptoms after ingesting contaminated food or water (2). Cholera affects both children and adults and can kill within hours if untreated.