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Sep 20, 2019 · Open 4 Business Productions, LLC; Universal Content Productions, LLC; Universal Television, LLC. E-File Follow. Case Number: 31-CA-248690. Date Filed: 09/20/2019. Status: Closed. Location: Universal City, CA. Region Assigned: Region 31, Los Angeles, California.
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- 2621 W 15TH Pl # 2, Chicago, 60608-1712, IL
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Jun 8, 2017 · The Joint Authorship Doctrine. The law of copyright provides that an author is the person who creates a work of authorship and is, at least the first instance, the sole owner of the work. Even though the author may initially have sole ownership of the work there are many methods by which the publisher may obtain ownership rights in the author's ...
- I. Becoming Copyright Conscious
- II. What Law Applies?
- III. What Is Copyrightable?
- IV. Exclusive Rights
- V. Limitations on The Exclusive Rights
- VI. Duration of Copyright
- VII. Copyright Ownership
- VIII. Copyright Notice
- IX. Copyright Transfers
- X. Copyright Registration
Copyrights are a valuable, though often underutilized, tool for protecting business assets. Practically everyone knows that copyrights protect books, films, and music. But many business people may not know that copyrights also protect computer programs, databases, web sites, proposals, newsletters, training films, manuals, technical publications, d...
The past 100 years have seen several systems of copyright protection for U.S. authors. The U.S. Copyright Act of 1909 and various state and common laws provided a dual system of protection from 1909 through the end of 1977. The Copyright Act of 1976, which became effective on January 1, 1978, virtually eliminated state and common law protection, an...
A. Copyrightable Subject Matter
Just about anything that can be fixed in a tangible form and constitutes the author’s or creator’s personal and nontrivial expression is automatically protected under the Copyright Act of 1976. This automatic protection begins the moment the copyrighted work is first fixed. According to § 102(a) of the 1976 Act, ”[c]opyright protection subsists . . . in original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression, now known or later developed, from which they can be perceived, repr...
B. Statutory Requirements for Copyright Protection
A work must meet two basic requirements to be protected as a copyrighted work—originality and fixation. The originality requirement is comprised of two sub-requirements. Specifically, to be original a work must be independently created and be sufficiently creative to warrant copyright protection. Each of these requirements is described in more detail below.
C. Current Copyrightability Issues
As stated previously, works of authorship are copyrighted when they are fixed in a tangible form. Two types of works, however, require special attention. They are computer software and databases.
Section 106 of the 1976 Act grants to the copyright owner the exclusive rights: to reproduce the copyrighted work in copies or phonorecords; to prepare derivative works based upon the copyrighted work; and to perform or display the copyrighted work publicly. Section 106 also grants copyright owners the exclusive right to distribute copies or phonor...
The exclusive rights are not without limitations. Exceptions and limitations to these rights are found in sections 107 through 122 of the 1976 Act.
Copyright protection automatically subsists in all works of authorship from the moment of fixation. Congress extended the duration of copyright with the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998, Pub L. 105-298, 112 Stat. 2827. See Eldred v. Reno, 239 F.3d 372 (D.C. Cir. 2001) (upholding the constitutionality of the act), aff’d, Eldred v. Ash...
A. Work Made For Hire
In most situations, copyright ownership initially resides in the actual preparer or creator of the work. However, where a work is created by an employee within the scope of employment, the employer is considered the author and copyright ownership resides in the employer. 17 U.S.C. § 201 (b). Such works are called “works made for hire.” Section 101 of the 1976 Act defines works made for hire as follows: The U.S. Supreme Court interpreted the § 101 work for hire definitions and clarified the la...
Prior to March 1, 1989, the copyright law required copyright notice, in a particular form, to be affixed to published copies of copyrighted works. Prior to January 1, 1978, the publication of a work without proper copyright notice injected the work into the public domain, with very limited exceptions. Between January 1, 1978 and March 1, 1989, the ...
Copyrights or exclusive copyright rights may be transferred by assignment, mortgage, exclusive license, any other type of conveyance, or operation of law. Copyrights also may be bequeathed by will in whole or in part and may pass as personal property by applicable laws of intestate succession. 17 U.S.C. § 201 (d)(1). Nonexclusive licenses, which do...
As stated previously, copyright protection automatically subsists in original works of authorship from the moment of their fixation in a tangible medium of expression. Thus, copyright registration is not necessary to obtain copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. §§ 302, 408. Although copyright registration is not a prerequisite for protection, there are s...
Sep 10, 2023 · Transfers of rights under copyright, including exclusive licenses, do not require consideration in order to be valid. Therefore, while it is common for the transferee (the party obtaining the right or rights under copyright) to pay the copyright owner for the grant of rights, payment or other benefit is not required.
Jun 9, 2017 · In addition, criminal penalties exist for willful infringement of copyright for financial gain. 2. Publishing Contracts. An author typically enters into a publishing contract in order to assign to the publisher the author's exclusive right to make copies of his or her original work of authorship.
Open 4 Business Productions LLC filed as a Foreign Limited Liability Company in the State of New York on Wednesday, August 20, 2008 and is approximately fifteen years old, as recorded in documents filed with New York Department of State. A corporate filing is called a foreign filing when an existing corporate entity files in a state other than ...
