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Crusades of the 15th century. Crusades of the 15th century are those Crusades that follow the Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399, throughout the next hundred years. In this time period, the threat from the Ottoman Empire dominated the Christian world, but also included threats from the Mamluks, Moors, and heretics.
- 1400–1499
- Ottomans dominant, decline of Mamluks, Mongols
- Levant, Baltic, Iberia, Italy, Northern Africa
- Hospitallers successful, Ottomans take Constantinople, Eastern Europe
These included the 12th and 13th century conquest of Muslim Al-Andalus by Spanish Christian kingdoms; 12th to 15th century German Northern Crusades expansion into the pagan Baltic region; the suppression of non-conformity, particularly in Languedoc during what has become called the Albigensian Crusade and for the Papacy's temporal advantage in ...
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Chronologies of the Crusades. Chronologies of the Crusades presents the list of chronologies and timelines concerning the Crusades. These include the Crusades to the Holy Land, the Fall of Outremer, the Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399, the Crusades of the 15th Century, the Northern Crusades, Crusades against Christians, the Popular Crusades ...
- The Crusades to The Holy Land
- The Iberian Crusades
- The Northern Crusades
- Crusades Against Christians
- End Notes
As Riley-Smith has argued, following the “birth” of the crusading movement and the First Crusade, the history of the crusades to the Holy Land can be organized into several discrete phases. The first of these, c. 1102-87, he describes as that of “crusading in adolescence”. During this phase, the Church and crusader principalities were forced decisi...
The pre-history of the Iberian Crusades can be traced to the disintegration of Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba in 1031 and the subsequent emergence of a constellation of weak successor kingdoms – Badajoz, Seville, Grenada, Málaga, Toledo, Valencia, Denia, the Balearic Islands, Zaragosa and Lérida – known as taifas. Locked in intense internecine compet...
As Peter Lock has characterized them, the Northern Crusades were conducted in five partly overlapping phases: the Wendish Crusades (1147-85), the Livonian and Estonian Crusades (1198-1290), the Prussian Crusades (1230-83), the Lithuanian Crusades (1280-1435), and the Novgorod Crusades (1243-15th century). While authorized by, and fought on behalf o...
Thus far, we have looked at three expressions of religious war along Latin Christendom’s long frontier with the non-Christian world: the crusades to the Holy Land, those in Iberia and those taking place along the Baltic coastline. The final expression or form of religious war, however, was not directed outward against Muslims or pagans, but inward ...
Given the focus of the existing constructivist literature on the crusades, Appendix 1 provides an account of these religious wars organized around the framework developed here. Para-crusaders, or milites ad terminum, served for a fixed amount of time as an act of devotion. See Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A History, 103. Key contemporary secondary so...
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Crusades of the 15th century are those Crusades that follow the Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399, throughout the next hundred years. In this time period, the threat from the Ottoman Empire dominated the Christian world, but also included threats from the Mamluks, Moors, and heretics.
This was crusading. Now imagine Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily. Frederick regains Jerusalem from the Muslims without waging war—it helps that he knows Arabic. He is crowned the King of Jerusalem in 1229, but returns to Europe to find the pope waging war on his lands. This, too, was crusading—at least it was for some ...
Several different expeditions responded to this appeal, but the general dates for the First Crusade are 1096–99, when the city of Jerusalem was conquered. Keep in mind though that crusading didn’t emerge from a vacuum, and many of the elements of crusading were circulating before 1095. However, finding an end date for the crusades is quite ...
