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The Greek historian Polybius, who lived in Rome for many years in the mid-second century b.c.e., described it as a mixture of democratic, aristocratic, and monarchical elements. Some modern scholars, noting that the magistracies were largely held by the same powerful families for generations, have gone even farther.
Three Branches. Much like the modern U.S. government, most of the government of ancient Rome can be divided into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. There are, however, some differences in function, and the Roman government had at least one important component (the Senate) which does not fit this scheme well. Legislative Branch.
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Free-born, foreign subjects during this period were known as peregrini, and special laws existed to govern their conduct and disputes, though they were not considered Roman citizens during the Roman kingdom period. Free-born women in ancient Rome were considered citizens, but they could not vote or hold political office.
Demokratia primarily referred to the direct, participatory democracy of Athens before being denoted as the quasi-representative government of the Roman Republic. The government structures and democratic rule of both Athens and Rome originated and changed due to internal competition and external pressures.
Voting for most offices was open to all full Roman citizens, a group that excluded women, slaves and originally those living outside of Rome. In the early Republic, the electorate would have been small, but as Rome grew it expanded. The Lex Julia of 90 BC extending voting rights to citizens across Italy greatly expanded the franchise. By the ...
6a. The Roman Republic. 6a. The Roman Republic. The Romans established a form of government — a republic — that was copied by countries for centuries In fact, the government of the United States is based partly on Rome’s model. The ladder to political power in the Roman Senate was different for the wealthy patricians than for the lower ...
Jul 10, 2023 · The classical civilizations of Ancient Greece and Rome were therefore the foundation for what became known as Western civilization. The Foundation and Function of the Roman Republic During the Archaic period, Greeks established colonies on Sicily and in southern Italy that went on to influence the culture of Italy.
