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  1. Among directed graphs, the oriented graphs are the ones that have no 2-cycles (that is at most one of (x, y) and (y, x) may be arrows of the graph). [1] A tournament is an orientation of a complete graph. A polytree is an orientation of an undirected tree. [2] Sumner's conjecture states that every tournament with 2n – 2 vertices contains ...

  2. 6 days ago · An orientation of an undirected graph G is an assignment of exactly one direction to each of the edges of G. Only connected, bridgeless graphs can have a strong orientation (Robbins 1939; Skiena 1990, p. 174). An oriented complete graph is called a tournament.

  3. Orientable Graphs. Definition: A digraph D is said to be Orientable if there exists an orientation (a selection of arc directions) that makes D strongly connected (there exists a directed path between each pair of vertices). Definition: An Orientation of a graph G is the replacement of all edges {x, y} ∈ E(G) with either the arc (x, y) or (y, x).

  4. Jul 12, 2021 · In a graph without loops, we can define the valency of any vertex \(v\) as the number of edges incident with \(v\). For most purposes, this is a good way to think of the valency. However, when a graph has loops, many formulas work out more nicely if we consider each loop to contribute \(2\) to the valency of its endvertex.

  5. Curve orientation. In mathematics, an orientation of a curve is the choice of one of the two possible directions for travelling on the curve. For example, for Cartesian coordinates, the x -axis is traditionally oriented toward the right, and the y -axis is upward oriented. In the case of a planar simple closed curve (that is, a curve in the ...

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  7. Jun 13, 2020 · In classical mathematics, an orientation is the choice of an equivalence class of coordinate systems, where two coordinate systems belong to the same class if they are positively related (in a specific sense). In the case of a finite-dimensional vector space $\R^n$, a coordinate system is given by a basis, and two bases are positively related ...

  8. DEFINITION 1.1. An orientation of an undirected graph G is a directed graph G' obtained from G by replacing each edge of G with a single directed edge. LINEAR ALGEBRA AND ITS APPLICATIONS 114/115:589-602 (1989) 589 0 Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc., 1989 655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10010

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