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  1. Demand for Goods and Services. Economists use the term demand to refer to the amount of some good or service consumers are willing and able to purchase at each price. Demand is fundamentally based on needs and wants—if you have no need or want for something, you won't buy it.

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    • Introduction to FRED. Data is very important in economics because it describes and measures the issues and problems that economics seek to understand. A variety of government agencies publish economic and social data.
    • The Problem of Scarcity. Think about all the things you consume: food, shelter, clothing, transportation, healthcare, and entertainment. How do you acquire those items?
    • The Division of and Specialization of Labor. The formal study of economics began when Adam Smith (1723–1790) published his famous book The Wealth of Nations in 1776.
    • Why the Division of Labor Increases Production. When we divide and subdivide the tasks involved with producing a good or service, workers and businesses can produce a greater quantity of output.
  3. Jul 17, 2023 · Economics is a social science that examines how people choose among the alternatives available to them. It is social because it involves people and their behavior. It is a science because it uses, as much as possible, a scientific approach in its investigation of choices.

  4. Opportunity cost is the value of the best opportunity forgone in a particular choice. It is not simply the amount spent on that choice. The concepts of scarcity, choice, and opportunity cost are at the heart of economics. A good is scarce if the choice of one alternative requires that another be given up.

  5. Mar 22, 2024 · Published Mar 22, 2024 Definition of Want. A want refers to a desire or wish for something. In the context of economics, it is distinguished from a need as it is not essential for basic survival, but rather something that people aspire to have for reasons of pleasure, convenience, or status.

  6. Our mission is to improve educational access and learning for everyone. OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501 (c) (3) nonprofit. Give today and help us reach more students. Help. OpenStax. This free textbook is an OpenStax resource written to increase student access to high-quality, peer-reviewed learning materials.

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