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Dengue virus (DENV) is the cause of dengue fever. It is a mosquito-borne, single positive-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae; genus Flavivirus. [1] [2] Four serotypes of the virus have been found, and a reported fifth has yet to be confirmed, [3] [4] [5] all of which can cause the full spectrum of disease. [1]
In 2017, there was a rise in the number of dengue fever cases reported in the island country of Sri Lanka. The peak of the outbreak occurred during the mid-year monsoon season , with more than 40,000 cases reported in July alone, far exceeding historical highs.
By the late 1990s, dengue was the most important mosquito-borne disease affecting humans after malaria, with around 40 million cases of dengue fever and several hundred thousand cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever each year. Significant outbreaks of dengue fever tend to occur every five or six months.
- Key Facts
- Overview
- Symptoms
- Diagnostics and Treatment
- Global Burden
- Transmission
- Risk Factors
- Prevention and Control
- Who Response
Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes.About half of the world's population is now at risk of dengue with an estimated 100–400 million infections occurring each year.Dengue is found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas.While many dengue infections are asymptomatic or produce only mild illness, the virus can occasionally cause more severe cases, and even death.Dengue (break-bone fever) is a viral infection that spreads from mosquitoes to people. It is more common in tropical and subtropical climates. Most people who get dengue will not have symptoms. But for those who do, the most common symptoms are high fever, headache, body aches, nausea, and rash. Most will get better in 1–2 weeks. Some people develo...
Most people with dengue have mild or no symptoms and will get better in 1–2 weeks. Rarely, dengue can be severe and lead to death. If symptoms occur, they usually begin 4–10 days after infection and last for 2–7 days. Symptoms may include: 1. high fever (40°C/104°F) 2. severe headache 3. pain behind the eyes 4. muscle and joint pains 5. nausea 6. v...
There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. For people with se...
The incidence of dengue has grown dramatically around the world in recent decades, with cases reported to WHO increasing from 505 430 cases in 2000 to 5.2 million in 2019. A vast majority of cases are asymptomatic or mild and self-managed, and hence the actual numbers of dengue cases are under-reported. Many cases are also misdiagnosed as other feb...
Transmission through the mosquito bite The dengue virus is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female mosquitoes, primarily the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Other species within the Aedes genus can also act as vectors, but their contribution is normally secondary to Aedes aegypti. However, in 2023, a surge in local transmission of dengue...
Previous infection with DENV increases the risk of the individual developing severe dengue. Urbanization (especially unplanned), is associated with dengue transmission through multiple social and environmental factors: population density, human mobility, access to reliable water source, water storage practice etc. Community risks to dengue also dep...
The mosquitoes that spread dengue are active during the day. Lower the risk of getting dengue by protecting yourself from mosquito bites by using: 1. clothes that cover as much of your body as possible; 2. mosquito nets if sleeping during the day, ideally nets sprayed with insect repellent; 3. window screens; 4. mosquito repellents (containing DEET...
WHO responds to dengue in the following ways: 1. supports countries in the confirmation of outbreaks through its collaborating network of laboratories; 2. provides technical support and guidance to countries for the effective management of dengue outbreaks; 3. supports countries in improving their reporting systems and capture the true burden of th...
May 15, 2024 · Dengue is a self-limiting febrile illness with symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to severe. Symptoms of dengue may be observed around 4–10 days after the bite of an infected mosquito. Common symptoms are like that of the flu, with patients experiencing: fever ; headaches ; pain behind the eyes ; muscle and joint pain ; nausea/vomiting ; rash ...
Jan 6, 2021 · An estimated 100 million dengue infections occured across more than 110 countries and territories in 2017, increasing from 23 million dengue infections in 1990, with potential for further spread. Our results show increasing trends in dengue incidence, mortality and DALYs in the past two decades globally.
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May 10, 2024 · There is a growing public health need for effective preventive interventions against dengue, a disease caused by four viruses, termed serotypes 1–4. Two dengue vaccines have been licensed, Dengvaxia® (CYD-TDV), developed by Sanofi Pasteur, and Qdenga® (TAK-003), developed by Takeda.
