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   How is pneumococci diagnosed?

   • Diagnosis is by Gram stain and culture. Treatment depends on the resistance profile and includes either a beta-lactam, a macrolide, a respiratory fluoroquinolone, a pleuromutilin, or sometimes vancomycin. Pneumococci are fastidious microorganisms that require catalase to grow on agar plates. In the laboratory, pneumococci are identified by

   Pneumococcal Infections - Infectious Diseases - MSD Manuals

   www.msdmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/gram-positive-cocci/pneumococcal-infections

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   What determines pneumococcus virulence and pathogenicity?

   • The pneumococcus capsule consists of a complex polysaccharide that determines serologic type and contributes to virulence and pathogenicity. Virulence varies somewhat within serologic types because of genetic diversity. Currently, > 90 different pneumococcal serotypes have been identified based on their reaction with type-specific antisera.

   Pneumococcal Infections - Infectious Diseases - MSD Manuals

   www.msdmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/gram-positive-cocci/pneumococcal-infections

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   What is pneumococcal bacteremia?

   • Pneumococcal bacteremia can occur in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients; patients who have had splenectomy are at particular risk. Bacteremia may be the primary infection, or it may accompany the acute phase of any focal pneumococcal infection. Pneumococcal bacteremia can be complicated by sepsis and septic shock .

   Pneumococcal Infections - Infectious Diseases - MSD Manuals

   www.msdmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/gram-positive-cocci/pneumococcal-infections

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2. my.clevelandclinic.org › health › diseasesPneumococcal Disease: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

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   Sep 27, 2022 · Pneumococcal (noo-muh-KOK-uhl) disease is an infection caused by bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae (also known as pneumococcus). It’s contagious and may cause severe illness, so early diagnosis and treatment is important. Pneumococcal disease can affect many different systems in your body.

3. www.cdc.gov › pneumococcal › cliniciansDiagnosis and Medical Management of Pneumococcal Disease | CDC

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   Definitively diagnosing Streptococcus pneumoniae infection generally relies on isolating the organism from blood or other normally sterile body sites. Tests are also available to detect capsular polysaccharide antigen in body fluids. Urinary antigen test.

4. www.cdc.gov › pneumococcal › aboutSymptoms and Complications of Pneumococcal Disease | CDC

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   Symptoms of pneumococcal pneumonia, a lung infection, include: Fever and chills; Cough; Rapid breathing or difficulty breathing; Chest pain; Older adults with pneumococcal pneumonia may experience confusion or low alertness, rather than the more common symptoms listed above. Complications of pneumococcal pneumonia include:

5. www.mayoclinic.org › diseases-conditions › pneumoniaPneumonia - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic

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   Jun 13, 2020 · Chest X-rays. Treatment for pneumonia involves curing the infection and preventing complications. People who have community-acquired pneumonia usually can be treated at home with medication. Although most symptoms ease in a few days or weeks, the feeling of tiredness can persist for a month or more.

6. www.cdc.gov › pneumococcal › hcpClinical Overview of Pneumococcal Disease | Pneumococcal | CDC

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   Feb 6, 2024 · Definitively diagnosing S. pneumoniae infection generally relies on isolating the organism from a normally sterile body site. Other tests, such as urinary antigen test to detect the C-polysaccharide antigen of S. pneumoniae or culture-independent molecular detection methods are also available. Keep Reading: Testing and Diagnosis.

7. www.cdc.gov › pneumococcal › signs-symptomsPneumococcal Disease Symptoms and Complications

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   Feb 6, 2024 · Symptoms of pneumococcal pneumonia, a lung infection, include: Chest pain; Cough; Fever and chills; Rapid breathing or difficulty breathing; Older adults may experience confusion or low alertness, rather than the more common symptoms listed above. Meningitis. Symptoms of pneumococcal meningitis, an infection of the lining of the brain and ...

8. www.mayoclinic.org › diseases-conditions › pneumoniaPneumonia - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

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   Jun 13, 2020 · Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. A variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, can cause pneumonia.