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There is some degree of literacy in the modern Amuzgo alphabet, a Latin-based script, including an Amuzgo New Testament as well as educational materials. Affiliation Amuzgo is a member of the Oto-Manguean language family, a highly diverse group of languages spoken by several million people across southern Mexico and formerly in parts of Central ...
Amuzgo Language (Nomndaa, Tzañcue) Language: Amuzgo is an Oto-Manguean language of Mexico, most closely related to Mixtecan. There are three distinct varieties of the language: Guerrero Amuzgo (with two subdialects, Northern Amuzgo and Southern Amuzgo); Ipalapa Amuzgo (also known as Lower Eastern Amuzgo or Santa Maria Amuzgo), and Oaxaca Amuzgo (also known as Upper Eastern Amuzgo or San Pedro ...
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Amuzgo, ethnolinguistic Indian group of eastern Guerrero and western Oaxaca states, southern Mexico. Their language is related to that of the Mixtec, their neighbours to the north and west. Although many Amuzgo can speak Spanish, the majority (about 65 percent) speak only Amuzgo.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
From Mixtec codices it is known that around the year A . D . 1000 the Mixtec king Eight Deer was recognized as a Mixtec ruler in a ceremony that took place in Jicayan, a place near the eastern Amuzgo region and the boundary of the Tututepec domain. This leads one to deduce that Amuzgo pueblos must have existed since that time.
- Orientation
- History and Cultural Relations
- Settlements
- Economy
- Kinship
- Marriage and Family
- Sociopolitical Organization
- Religion and Cultural Expression
- Bibliography
Identification. The name "Amuzgo" comes from a Nahuatl word to which various interpretations have been given. According to one version, the term derives from amoxtli, "place of books or papers"; another version—perhaps a more plausible one—translates the word amoxko to mean "place of clouded water" (the greenish slime floating on the surface of riv...
Information on the history of the Amuzgo is very scarce, although some data can be reconstructed from tangential sources. From Mixtec codices it is known that around the year a.d. 1000 the Mixtec king Eight Deer was recognized as a Mixtec ruler in a ceremony that took place in Jicayan, a place near the eastern Amuzgo region and the boundary of the ...
The Amuzgo settled in various towns: Ayotzinapa, Ometepec, Xochistlahuaca, Igualapa, Cozoyoapa, Tlacoachistlahuaca, Huajintepec, Quetzalapa, Chalapa, and Amuzgos. Xochistlahuaca ("Vale of Flowers") was made the capital (cabecera ) of the Amuzgo region in 1563. Of the towns that survived epidemics and colonization, those that still exist today are C...
Subsistence and Commercial Activities. Nowadays the economy of Amuzgo communities is based on agriculture. The main cultigen is maize, the foodstuff that forms the basis of the indigenous population's daily diet. Beans, squashes, chilies, cacao, coffee, various fruits, and poultry complement the indigenous diet. Panela (raw-sugar loaves) and aguard...
Kin Groups and Descent.Nowadays there are no lineage or descent groups, but some patrilineal practices survive in rules of residence and inheritance. In some Amuzgo towns, a social differentiation based on attachment to paternal or maternal groups is still evident, for example, when a child is considered to belong to the family of the mother's fath...
Marriage. In more traditional communities, it is still the custom to ask for the bride's hand: the young man requests that his father act as intermediary. The marriage ritual begins with the mediation of a pedidor (negotiator), who presents himself at the home of the bride's parents and makes known the groom's family's intention. After several visi...
Social Organization. The social life of Amuzgo communities is based on the relationship between land organization, agriculture, the family, marriage, social traditions, compadrazgo (ritual coparenthood), the cargosystem, and the ritual cycle of religious festivals. Political Organization. Since the seventeenth century, when macehuales (members of t...
Religious Beliefs.The dominant religion is Catholicism, although Protestant groups are also active. Magical beliefs associated with supernatural elements constitute part of Amuzgo wisdom regarding daily activities; for example, the timing of economic and symbolic activities may depend on the phases of the moon. It is thought that children will die ...
Acuña, René, ed. (1984a). "Relación de Justlahuaca." Relaciones geográficas del siglo XVI; Antequera. Vol. 2, Part 2, 279-324. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Acuña, René, ed. (1984b). "Relación de Xalapa, Cintla, y Acatlán." Relaciones geográficas del siglo XVI; Antequera. Vol. 3, Part 2, 277-294. Mexico City: Universidad Nac...
Amuzgo does not reflect these mergers, then Amuzgo could not have shared with PMx the common stage at which these mergers took place. Whatever innovations are shared between Amuzgo and either PPn or PMx, are no more significant than those shared between PPn and PMx or between either of these and Chiapanec-Manguean. Amuzgo should therefore be ...
Technically, there are eight different tones in Amuzgo: low, medium, high, low rising, medium falling, medium slightly rising, medium steeply rising, and high falling. The nasal consonants, n, m, and ñ, can also carry their own tone. For the most part, it is simply necessary to learn the tones of each word when you learn that word, similar to ...
