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Ottoman architecture is an architectural style or tradition that developed under the Ottoman Empire over a long period, [1] undergoing some significant changes during its history. [2]
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Ottoman architecture is a testament to the artistic and engineering prowess of the Islamic world during the Ottoman Empire's reign. This style of architecture is characterized by its use of intricate patterns, elaborate decorations, and impressive domes and arches.
- Early Ottoman Period
- Classical Period | Ottoman Architecture
- Westernization
The first phase, the early Ottoman periodspanning roughly between the 9th century and the 15th century. The Anatolian influence can be seen in the architecture of Bursa and Edirne, mainly during the 14th and 15th centuries. This was the birth of Ottoman architecture. Mosques were and still are one of the most striking features of Ottoman architectu...
The classical period came next, spanning from the 11th century to the 17th. Most of the existing examples of Ottoman architecture come from this period. A strong Byzantine influence, especially that of Hagia Sophia runs through the architecture of the classical period. Several mosques can be found that are similar to Hagia Sophia but with different...
The final phase of ottoman architecture is the westernization period. Several western influences including Baroque and Rocococan be seen in the architecture of this period, resulting in more ornate and decorative elements. This period could also be viewed as the Ottoman revival period, based on utilizing modern construction techniques and material ...
The apogee of Ottoman architecture was achieved in the great series of külliyes and mosques that still dominate the Istanbul skyline: the Fatih külliye (1463–70), the Bayezid Mosque (after 1491), the Selim Mosque (1522), the Şehzade külliye (1548), and the Süleyman külliye (after 1550).
Classical Ottoman architecture is a period in Ottoman architecture generally including the 16th and 17th centuries. The period is most strongly associated with the works of Mimar Sinan, who was Chief Court Architect under three sultans between 1538 and 1588.
Despite local variations, the legacy of the sixteenth-century Ottoman artistic tradition can still be seen in monuments from the Balkans to the Caucasus, from Algeria to Baghdad, and from Crimea to Yemen, that incorporate signature elements such as hemispherical domes, slender pencil-shaped minarets, and enclosed courts with domed porticoes.
The individual most responsible for developing and refining the classical Ottoman architectural style was a builder named Sinan (1491–1588), who served as the empire’s chief architect from 1539 until his death in 1588.
