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The map of Europe in 1914, on the eve of the First World War, shows the German, Austro-Hungarian and Russian empires that were about to vanish from the map.
- Balkans
The volatile situation brought the rivalry between...
- Britain
What is happening in Britain in 500CE. By 500 CE the Roman...
- Scandinavia – 1914 Ce
What is happening in Scandinavia in 1453CE. In the later 13...
- Russia
See a map of Imperial Russia in 1914, on the eve of the...
- Since 1960
What is happening in Europe in 1960CE. The past decades have...
- Balkans
Oct 30, 2023 · World History Encyclopedia, 30 Oct 2023. Web. 07 Apr 2024. A map illustrating the situation in Europe as it teetered on the brink of World War I (1914-18). The political landscape was marked by intricate alliance systems...
Historical Map of Europe & the Mediterranean (4 August 1914 - Outbreak of the Great War: On July 28, Austria-Hungary attacked Serbia, starting the First World War. Facing war with France and Russia, Germany attempted to quickly defeat France first by moving through neutral Belgium. However, the violation of Belgium's neutrality prompted Britain ...
Using about 40 old maps of the Netherlands, researchers Jana Cox and Maarten Kleinhans (Utrecht University) and curator and map expert Marco van Egmond (University Library), among others, were able to detail the history of the Rhine and the Haringvliet rivers. This research shows the importance of historical archives and human activity in a system.
- Alsace-Lorraine Between France and Germany, 1871-1914↑
- A Borderland at War↑
- The End of War and The Return to France↑
Alsace-Lorraine, a geopolitical amalgam consisting of the former French departments of Bas-Rhin, Haut-Rhin and Moselle, was annexed by the newly-unified German Empire following its victory over France in 1871. The change of nationality, imposition of Germanization policies, and arrival of 120,000 German settlers to the so-called Reichsland (“imperi...
Soldiers↑
In general, the war was greeted in Alsace-Lorraine with indifference. Nonetheless, nearly 380,000 Alsatian and Lorrainer men fought for Germany. These recruits tended to be viewed with suspicion by the German High Command, which decided in March 1915, after a spate of desertions, that soldiers from Alsace-Lorraine would serve in the German interior or, more commonly, on the Eastern Front or in the navy. Desertion rates remained relatively high. Thousands of men from Alsace-Lorraine fled to Sw...
Battlefields↑
Several major military offensives took place in the region. The battles of Sarrebourg and Morhange destroyed parts of Lorraine in mid-August 1914. Earlier in the month French troops had taken Mulhouse, but had been pushed back by a German counter-offensive by the end of August. The French nonetheless maintained a foothold in Alsace for the duration of the war. In 1915, the Vosges were the site of the particularly brutal battles of Hartmannswillerkopf and the Linge, which became the site of a...
Home Front↑
Like the rest of the German Empire, Alsace-Lorraine’s home front experienced great hardships and privations, including martial law, food shortages, and rationing. In areas located in relative proximity to combat zones, private property was requisitioned, forests and vineyards were destroyed to set up fortifications, and local residents were evacuated. Thousands of refugees arrived in Strasbourg. By 1917, civilians in urban centres suffered from a lack of basic necessities, a situation that al...
In November 1918, in the chaos of Germany’s defeat, soldiers’ and workers’ councils were established in Strasbourg, Colmar and Mulhouse. Within days they were disbanded, as French troops marched into the region, to the cheers of local inhabitants exhausted by years of privation. This enthusiasm was understood by the French as an unofficial plebisci...
Elena was born in c. 1464–1466. Her parents were Stephen III ("the Great"), the sovereign prince of Moldavia, and his first (or second) wife Princess Evdochia of Kiev. [4] [5] Negotiations to marry her to Ivan Ivanovich ("the Young"), heir to the throne of Moscow, began in the late 1470s. [5] Elena married Ivan the Young on 12 January 1483 ...
Map of Europe in 1914, showing the pre war alliances. First World War : Europe before 1914 . Home - Book Shop - Wars - Battles - Biographies - Timeline - Weapons - ...
