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Ethiopia covers a land area of 1,112,000 square kilometres (472,000 sq. miles). As of 2023, it is home to around 128 million inhabitants, making it the 13th-most populous country in the world, the 2nd-most populous in Africa after Nigeria, and the most populated landlocked country on Earth.
- Emblem
The national emblem of Ethiopia has been in its current form...
- Ethiopian Orthodoxy
Frumentius is also believed to have established the first...
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- Ethiopia (Disambiguation)
Ethiopia is a country in the east of Africa, before the 20th...
- Flag
The flag of Ethiopia (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሰንደቅ ዐላማ, romanized:...
- President
The president of Ethiopia is the head of state of...
- Sidama
The Sidama (Amharic: ሲዳማ) are an ethnic group traditionally...
- History of Ethiopia
Medieval map of Ethiopia, including the ancient lost city of...
- Emblem
2 days ago · Ethiopia, landlocked country on the Horn of Africa, the largest and most populous country in that region. It lies completely within the tropical latitudes. The capital is Addis Ababa (‘New Flower’), located almost at the center of the country. Read more about Ethiopia here.
- Physical Features
- Geology
- Climate
- Flora and Fauna
- Natural Resources and Land Use
- Disputed Border
- Statistics
- See Also
- References
- External Links
Geography
Between the valley of the Upper Nile and Ethiopia's border with Sudan and South Sudan is a region of elevated plateaus from which rise the various tablelands and mountains that constitute the Ethiopian Highlands. On nearly every side, the walls of the plateaus rise abruptly from the plains, constituting outer mountain chains. The highlands are thus a clearly marked geographic division. In Eritrea, the eastern wall of this plateau runs parallel to the Red Sea from Ras Kasar (18° N) to Annesley...
Hydrology
Most of the Ethiopian uplands have a decided slope to the northwest, so that nearly all the large rivers flow in that direction to the Nile, comprising some 85% of its water. Such are the Tekezé River in the north, the Abay in the center, and the Sobat in the south, and about four-fifths of the entire drainage is discharged through these three arteries. Another large river is the south-flowing Omo, with 14% of the entire drainage the largest river outside the above-mentioned three main arteri...
The East African tableland is continued into Ethiopia. A pioneering study of the geology of Ethiopia was W. T. Blanford's work in 1870. More recent work has focused on the Afar Depression, due to its importance as one of two places on Earth where a mid-ocean ridge can be studied on land (the other is Iceland). The following formations are represent...
The climate of Ethiopia and its dependent territories varies greatly. It is temperate on the plateau and hot in the lowlands. The country lies wholly within the tropics, but its nearness to the equator is counterbalanced by the elevation of the land. At Addis Ababa, which ranges from 2,200 to 2,600 m (7,218 to 8,530 ft), maximum temperature is 26 °...
Flora
As in a day's journey the traveller may pass from tropical to almost Alpine conditions of climate, so great also is the range of the flora and fauna.In the valleys and lowlands the vegetation is dense, but the general appearance of the plateaus is of a comparatively bare country with trees and bushes thinly scattered over it. The glens and ravines on the hillside are often thickly wooded, and offer a delightful contrast to the open downs. These conditions are particularly characteristic of th...
Fauna
In addition to the domestic animals enumerated below the fauna is very varied. Elephant can be found in certain low-lying districts, especially in the Sobat valley. The hippopotamus and crocodile inhabit the larger rivers flowing west, but are not found in the Hawash, in which, however, ottersof large size are plentiful. Lions abound in the low countries and in Somaliland. In central Ethiopia the lion is no longer found except occasionally in the river valleys. Leopards, both spotted and blac...
Ethiopia has small reserves of gold, platinum, copper, potash, and natural gas.It has extensive hydropower potential. Of the total land area, about 20 percent is under cultivation, although the amount of potentially arable land is larger. Only about 10 to 15 percent of the land area is presently covered by forest as a result of rapid deforestation ...
Eritrea
The border between Ethiopia and Eritrea has never been precisely demarcated. Between 1998 and 2000, the two countries fought a war over the issue, which involves quite small enclaves along the northern segment of their border, including the tiny village of Badme and the enclave of the Irob people.An international boundary commission delimited the border in 2002. Although both nations agreed to accept its decision, Ethiopia has refused to accept the commission's findings in full, much to the c...
Somalia
The central section of Ethiopia's border with Somalia also has never been fully demarcated, and is only provisional. Prior to 1950, the border between Somalia and Ethiopia was characterized by the 1908 Convention Line or Feerfeer-Dharkayn Geenyo Line. Questions remain about the precise location of small parcels along the border with Sudan as well.
Location
1. Eastern Africa, west of Somalia
Geographic coordinates
1. 8°00′N 38°00′E / 8.000°N 38.000°E / 8.000; 38.000
Map references
1. Africa
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Cana, Frank Richardson (1911). "Abyssinia". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridg...This article incorporates public domain material from World Factbook. CIA.Maps of Ethiopia – Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection, University of Texas at AustinThe soil maps of Ethiopia, EuDASMEthiopia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.The mapping of Ethiopia Ethiopia-United States Mapping Missionweb siteEthiopia ( Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ, ʾĪtyōṗṗyā pronunciation (help·info), Afar: Itiyoophiyaa, Ge'ez: ኢትዮጵያ, Oromo: Itiyophiyaa, Somali: Itoobiya, Tigrinya: ኢትዮጵያ) is a country in the Horn of Africa. It has one of the longest and most well known histories as a country in Africa and the world. Ethiopia was one of the ...
Mar 19, 2024 · History of Ethiopia, a survey of notable events and people in the history of Ethiopia, from the prehistoric era to the present day. Ethiopia is the largest and most populated country in the Horn of Africa. It is also one of the world’s oldest countries (sometimes referred to as Abyssinia in.
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Dec 28, 2021 · Ethiopia has the lowest level of income-inequality in Africa and one of the lowest in the world, with a Gini coefficient comparable to that of the Scandinavian countries. Yet despite progress toward eliminating extreme poverty, Ethiopia remains one of the poorest countries in the world, due both to rapid population growth and a low starting base.