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French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China), [a] [b] officially known as the Indochinese Union [c] [d] and after 1941 as the Indochinese Federation, [e] was a grouping of French colonial territories in Mainland Southeast Asia until its end in 1954.
- Flag
The national flag of France (French: drapeau français) is a...
- Guangzhouwan
The Leased Territory of Guangzhouwan, [citation needed]...
- Tonkin Campaign
The Tonkin campaign was an armed conflict fought between...
- Japanese invasion
The Japanese invasion of French Indochina (仏印進駐, Futsu-in...
- Flag
An armistice was signed between Japan and the United States on August 20, 1945. The Provisional Government of the French Republic wanted to restore its colonial rule in French Indochina as the final step of the Liberation of France.
The Japanese invasion of French Indochina (仏印進駐, Futsu-in shinchū), (French: Invasion japonaise de l'Indochine) was a short undeclared military confrontation between Japan and Vichy France in northern French Indochina.
- 22-26 September 1940(4 days)
- Japanese victory
- French Indochina
- Japanese occupation of French Indochina
- Beginnings
- Characteristics of Indochina
- Economics and Administration
- The Monologue of Colonialism
- Resistance to The French
- French Indochina: The Final Phases
- A Balance Sheet
- Bibliography
French imperialism in Southeast Asia began almost accidentally in 1858, when a French fleet bombarded the Vietnamese port of Tourane (present-day Danang) to avenge the execution of Catholic missionaries by the Vietnamese regime. Hoping to gain commercial advantages and military renown, French troops occupied the southern city of Saigon (present-day...
French policies and administrative styles differed over time and from place to place, responding in part to differences among the components of their empire. Cochin China was a colony and was subject to French law. Its French citizens elected a member to the National Assembly in Paris. The regime encouraged the Vietnamese elite to take up French ci...
To rule over millions of people, the French needed local help. In Vietnam they could count on experienced administrators to collect taxes and to maintain law and order. In Laos and Cambodia, a career civil servicewas undeveloped but taxes were collected with the help of local elites. In economic terms, Cochin China was the most prosperous part of I...
The French expected to stay indefinitely in Indochina. In what the French scholar Paul Mus has called the "monologue of colonialism," they made no sustained effort to prepare local people for self-sufficiency, higher education, free trade, relations with other countries, political participation, or independence. Unlike the British in India, the Fre...
Resistance to the French in Vietnam began in the 1860s and continued sporadically until the 1930s, reemerging during World War II and reaching a climax in September 1945 when the Vietnamese Communist leader Ho Chi Minh (l890–1969) declared Vietnam's independence. There was much less resistance to France in Cambodia and Laos. Because of the intensit...
World War II was a turning point in Indochina. When it began in 1939, France was more firmly in control than ever. Six years later, thanks to the Japanese, all the components of Indochina declared their independence, and France had to fight its way back into the region. France's defeat in Europe led Thailand (formerly known as Siam) to attack Cambo...
Half a century after the collapse of the French empire in Indochina, and nearly thirty years after the end of the second Indochina War, we can assess the colonial era more objectively than would have been possible in the 1940s and 1950s, when independence movements throughout Southeast Asia, supported by large sections of global public opinion, swe...
Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Rev. ed. London: Verso, 1991. Chandler, David. A History of Cambodia. 3d ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000. Duiker, William. The Rise of Nationalism in Vietnam, 1900–1941. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UniversityPress, 1976. Edwards, Penny. "Cambodge": The Cult...
In the French news the Indochina War was presented as a direct continuation of the Korean War where France had fought as a UN French battalion then incorporated in a U.S. unit, which was later involved in the terrible Battle of Mang Yang Pass of June and July 1954.
The French Indochina War broke out in 1946 and went on for eight years, with France’s war effort largely funded and supplied by the United States. Finally, with their shattering defeat by the Viet Minh at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu in May 1954, the…
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Indochina wars, 20th-century conflicts in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, with the principal involvement of France (1946–54) and later the United States (beginning in the 1950s). The wars are often called the French Indochina War and the Vietnam War (q.v.), or the First and Second Indochina wars.
