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Oct 3, 2015 · The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large, dynamic structure that serves many roles in the cell including calcium storage, protein synthesis and lipid metabolism. The diverse functions of the ER are performed by distinct domains; consisting of tubules, sheets and the nuclear envelope.
The endoplasmic reticulum performs the following functions: It is responsible for the production and secretion of steroid hormones. It is also responsible for the synthesis of essential lipids such as phospholipids and cholesterol.
The SER’s functions include synthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, and steroid hormones; detoxification of medications and poisons; alcohol metabolism; and storage of calcium ions. In muscle cells, a specialized SER called the sarcoplasmic reticulum is responsible for storage of the calcium ions that are needed to trigger the coordinated ...
Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies. During protein synthesis, proteins meant for use within the cell are translated by free ribosomes. Proteins meant to be embedded in the cell membrane or used outside the cell are translated by ribosomes attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Nov 1, 2023 · The endoplasmic reticulum is the cell organelle that originates from the cell’s nuclear envelope, synthesizes protein, and transports the proteins for cellular metabolism. Depending on the cell, the endoplasmic reticulum can occupy 50% of the cell volume.
As discussed below, there are two distinct types of ER that perform different functions within the cell. The rough ER, which is covered by ribosomes on its outer surface, functions in protein processing. The smooth ER is not associated with ribosomes and is involved in lipid, rather than protein, metabolism. Figure 9.1.
Contents. Home Science Biology Cells, Organs & Tissues. The endoplasmic reticulum. endoplasmic reticulum in protein biosynthesis. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a major role in the biosynthesis of proteins. Proteins that are synthesized by ribosomes on the ER are transported into the Golgi apparatus for processing.
