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Learn how Klimt blended traditional and modern elements to create his distinctive style, influenced by Symbolism, Byzantine art, and female sexuality. Explore his masterpieces, such as "The Kiss" and "Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I", and his legacy in modern art.
- Beginnings of The Vienna Secession
- The Vienna Secession: Concepts, Styles, and Trends
- Later Developments - After The Vienna Secession
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Background
At the close of the 19thcentury, Vienna was one of the two capitals of the old Habsburg-ruled Austro-Hungarian Empire (also called Austria-Hungary), which was essentially a patchwork of regions home to different nationalities in Eastern and Central Europe, dominated by Austria and, since 1867, Hungary (which after a revolt against Austrian hegemony forced the Hapsburgs to accept Hungary as an equal partner above the other ethnic groups within the empire). Nonetheless, the Empire remained one...
Formation
The Secession grew out of dissatisfaction of a group of artists with the system of expositions of contemporary art in the city during the 1890s. These shows were controlled by the Association of Austrian Artists, which ran the Kunstlerhaus (Artists' House) - the only municipal venue for them - and favored the conservative artists who made up a majority of its members, and generally discouraged its members' efforts in the decorative and applied arts, which at the time were gaining ground in pr...
Goals and Principles
On a basic level, the Secessionists sought a venue that gave their art greater exposure, both with the general public and with collectors. Vienna generally eschewed the independent dealer system and few public commissions were awarded after the completion of public buildings on the Ringstrasse by the 1880s as there was little need for them. The Kunstlerhaus, meanwhile, had taken a 10% commission on works sold there and favored the display of conservative artworks which catered to established...
Relationship with Art Nouveau
At the time, the rise of Jugendstil/Art Nouveau - which became evident in Olbrich's design for the Secession's new building and would soon find expression in Wagner's work - was the trend throughout Europe. Most of the Secessionist artists worked to varying degrees in Art Nouveau during the movement's early years. The Secession in a historical context is thus often thought of as the Austrian branch of Art Nouveau/Jugendstil (especially since Art Nouveau died out in most European countries abo...
Japanese Influence
Also like Art Nouveau, the Secession was greatly influenced by Japanese art and design, which had first been introduced to Vienna in 1873 when the city hosted its only world's fair - the first to be held somewhere other than London or Paris. Japanese artistic influence can easily be detected in the work of the Secessionists. Klimt and other painters favored the exaggerated vertical forms for figures in their paintings. The flattened forms of figures, spatial depth, and three-dimensional objec...
Relationship with Ancient Art
At the beginning, the Secession was an avant-garde group that presented itself as such, hoping to make a clear break from the art of the past. But anyone who saw the Secessionists' work from the first decade of its history would have noticed the clear links with ancient themes and narratives. The title of Ver Sacrumand its analogous thematic associations were, as noted above, clearly derived from Roman sources, particularly the idea of seceding from a community to found another. The Secession...
Decline
Despite their attempts to promote contemporary art and the equality amongst the arts against base institutional commercialism, the Secessionists could not extricate themselves from the question of economics. This came to the forefront in two instances in the middle of the first decade of the 20thcentury. The first concerned the decorative or applied arts, which the Secession certainly promoted, but almost inherently - due to the utilitarian nature of its genre - required a commercial outlet t...
The Secession Since 1905
The Secession's fortunes have waxed and waned since its founding. It is a testament to its members' commitment that it did not dissolve in 1905 after the Klimtgruppe seceded, but it was never able to regain the prestige that it had previously enjoyed. The members of the Klimtgruppejoined other artistic societies, many of which were intended to unite artists in all German-speaking countries. These in some ways usurped the Secession's mission to function as the bridge to foreign artists' work a...
The Vienna Secession was a group of artists and designers who broke away from the conservative artistic institutions in Vienna in 1897 and promoted innovation and internationalism in contemporary art. Led by Gustav Klimt, the Secessionists created the first dedicated venue for modern art in the city and influenced the Art Nouveau style in Austria.
Movement. Symbolism, Art Nouveau, Vienna Secession. Partner. Emilie Louise Flöge. Signature. Gustav Klimt (14 July 1862 – 6 February 1918) was an Austrian symbolist painter and one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement. Klimt is noted for his paintings, murals, sketches, and other objets d'art.
Oct 4, 2022 · One archetype of the Art Nouveau woman was as a sex symbol, according to art historian Jan Thompson. The provocative woman was the standard outside of the archetype Klimt created. Bloch-Bauer represented this new woman, whose beauty played alongside intricate ornamentation.
May 10, 2024 · Gustav Klimt (born July 14, 1862, Vienna, Austria—died February 6, 1918, Vienna) was an Austrian painter, founder of the school of painting known as the Vienna Sezession. After studying at the Vienna School of Decorative Arts, Klimt in 1883 opened an independent studio specializing in the execution of mural paintings.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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Gustav Klimt lived in the XIX – XX cent., a remarkable figure of Austrian Symbolism and Art Nouveau. Find more works of this artist at Wikiart.org – best visual art database.
Gustav Klimt famously said, “Enough of censorship…I refuse every form of support from the state, I’ll do without all of it,” – because he was attacked for his work’s swirling erotic forms, he went on pioneer his Gold Period – one of the highlights of Art Nouveau. Beginnings and Development. Concepts, Trends, & Related Topics.
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