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Descriptions. Haloperidol is used to treat nervous, emotional, and mental conditions (eg, schizophrenia). It is also used to control the symptoms of Tourette's disorder. This medicine should not be used to treat behavior problems in older adult patients who have dementia.
DESCRIPTION. Haloperidol is the first of the butyrophenone series of major antipsychotics. The chemical designation is 4-[4-(p-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidino] 4’-fluorobutyrophenone and it has the following structural formula: HALDOL (haloperidol) is available as a sterile parenteral form for intramuscular injection.
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Haloperidol is a medication that works in the brain to treat schizophrenia. It is also known as a first generation antipsychotic (FGA) or typical antipsychotic. Haloperidol rebalances dopamine to improve thinking, mood, and behavior. Symptoms of schizophrenia include: Hallucinations – hearing or seeing things that feel real but others do not ...
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- Uses For Haloperidol
- Haloperidol Dosage and Administration
- Cautions For Haloperidol
- Interactions For Haloperidol
- Stability
- Actions
- Advice to Patients
- Preparations
Schizophrenia
Treatment of schizophrenia. Antipsychotic agents are used for all phases of schizophrenia, including acute psychotic episodes as well for long-term stabilization and to minimize risk of relapse. Patients who do not respond to or tolerate one drug may be successfully treated with an agent from a different class or with a different adverse effect profile. APA considers certain atypical (second-generation) antipsychotic agents first-line for the acute phase of schizophrenia, principally because...
Tourette’s Syndrome
Control of tics and vocal utterances of Tourette’s syndrome (Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome). May be used concomitantly with a stimulant for tic disorders (e.g., Tourette’s syndrome) and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder† [off-label](ADHD) in children in whom stimulants alone cannot control tics.
Disruptive Behavior Disorder and ADHD
Treatment of severe behavioral problems in children marked by combativeness and/or explosive hyperexcitable behavior (out of proportion to immediate provocations). Short-term treatment in children with hyperactivity associated with excessive motor activity and accompanying conduct disorders that are manifested as impulsive behavior, difficulty sustaining attention, aggression, mood lability, and/or poor frustration tolerance. Manufacturers recommend reserving for severe behavioral problems or...
Administration
Administer haloperidol orally as tablets. Administer haloperidol lactate orally as solution concentrate or IM; also has been administered by IV injection† or infusion†. Administer haloperidol decanoate IM; do notadminister IV. Avoid skin contact with haloperidol lactate oral solution and injection, since contact dermatitis has occurred rarely.
Dosage
Available as the base, decanoate (decanoic acid ester), and lactate salt; dosage is expressed in terms of haloperidol. There is considerable interindividual variation in optimum dosage requirements; carefully adjust dosage according to individual requirements and response, using the lowest possible effective dosage. Because of risk of adverse reactions associated with cumulative effects of butyrophenones, periodically evaluate patients with a history of long-term therapy with haloperidol and/...
Contraindications
1. Severe toxic CNS depression or comatose states from any cause. 2. Parkinsonian syndrome. 3. Hypersensitivity to haloperidol.
Common Adverse Effects
Extrapyramidal reactions (e.g., Parkinson-like symptoms, akathisia, dystonia).
Drugs that Prolong QT Interval
QT-interval prolongation and torsades de pointes reported; patients receiving higher than recommended dosages of any haloperidol preparation and those receiving the drug IV appear to be at higher risk. Particular caution is advised when oral or parenteral haloperidol is used in patients concurrently receiving other drugs that prolong the QT interval. (See Delirium under Uses, Delirium under Dosage and Administration, and QT-interval Prolongation and Sudden Death under Cautions.)
Compatibility
For information on systemic interactions resulting from concomitant use, see Interactions.
Principal pharmacologic effects are similar to those of piperazine-derivative phenothiazines.Precise mechanism of antipsychotic action is unclear, but appears to depress the CNS at the subcortical level of the brain, midbrain, and brain stem reticular formation; appears to inhibit the asce...May antagonize actions of glutamic acid within the extrapyramidal system.Inhibition of catecholamine receptors may also be important in the mode of action; may also inhibit the reuptake of various...Appears to have strong central antidopaminergic and weak central anticholinergic activity.Importance of advising patients and caregivers that geriatric patients with dementia-related psychoses treated with antipsychotic agents are at an increased risk of death. Inform patients and careg...Potential for drug to impair mental alertness or physical coordination; use caution when driving or operating machinery.Importance of avoiding alcohol during therapy due to risk of additive effects and hypotension.Importance of informing patients and caregivers about the risk of NMS, which can cause high fever, stiff muscles, sweating, fast or irregular heart beat, change in BP, and confusion.Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details. Please refer to the ASHP Drug Shortages Resource Centerfor information on shortages of one or more of these preparations. * available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, and/or repa...
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Pharmacodynamics. 1° MOA: Dopamine 2 (D2) receptor antagonism in mesolimbic area. Target: D1 (high), D 2 (very high), 5HT2 (high), α 1 (low), H 1 (low), M 1 (low) Pharmacokinetics. t½: 24 (12-36)° TMAX: 2-6°. Substrate of: 3A4; 1A2, 2D6. Inhibits: 2D6 (major), 3A4 (minor); Induces: ∅. Active Metabolites: RHAL. DDIs.
DESCRIPTION. Haloperidol decanoate is the decanoate ester of the butyrophenone, HALDOL (haloperidol). It has a markedly extended duration of effect. It is available in sesame oil in sterile form...
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Sep 1, 2023 · Point of Care - Clinical decision support for Haloperidol. Treatment and management. Indications, Mechanism of Action, Administration, Adverse Effects, Contraindications, Monitoring, Toxicity, Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes.
