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  1. Every subshell has a # of orbits s/p/d/f that can each hold 2 electrons each (one has the opposite spin of the other). The first shell (of all atoms) has 1 subshell of s-orbitals containing 1 s orbital. This means that the first shell can hold 2 electrons. The second shell has 2 subshells: 1 s-orbital and 3 p-orbitals.

  2. Jul 20, 2023 · Bohr diagrams for hydrogen, helium, lithium, carbon, fluorine, neon, sodium, silicon, chlorine, and argon. Bohr diagrams indicate how many electrons fill each principal shell. Group 18 elements (helium, neon, and argon are shown in Figure 2) have a full outer, or valence, shell. A full valence shell is the most stable electron configuration.

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  4. Aug 14, 2020 · The electron configuration and the orbital diagram are: Following hydrogen is the noble gas helium, which has an atomic number of 2. The helium atom contains two protons and two electrons. The first electron has the same four quantum numbers as the hydrogen atom electron ( n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = +1 2 m s = + 1 2 ).

  5. The allowed values of l depend on the value of n and can range from 0 to n − 1: Equation 2.5.2 l = 0, 1, 2,…, n − 1. For example, if n = 1, l can be only 0; if n = 2, l can be 0 or 1; and so forth. For a given atom, all wave functions that have the same values of both n and l form a subshell.

    • how many energy shells are in an atom of carbon molecules that make up matter1
    • how many energy shells are in an atom of carbon molecules that make up matter2
    • how many energy shells are in an atom of carbon molecules that make up matter3
    • how many energy shells are in an atom of carbon molecules that make up matter4
    • how many energy shells are in an atom of carbon molecules that make up matter5
  6. Figure 1.5 Energy levels of electrons in an atom. The first shell holds a maximum of 2 electrons in one 1 s orbital; the second shell holds a maximum of 8 electrons in one 2 s and three 2 p orbitals; the third shell holds a maximum of 18 electrons in one 3 s , three 3 p , and 3 d orbitals; and so on.

  7. These orbits form electron shells or energy levels, which are a way of visualizing the number of electrons in the outermost shells. These energy levels are designated by a number and the symbol “n.” For example, 1n represents the first energy level located closest to the nucleus. The Bohr model was developed by Niels Bohrs in 1913.

  8. An atom of carbon is unique to carbon, but a proton of carbon is not. One proton is the same as another, whether it is found in an atom of carbon, sodium (Na), or iron (Fe). The same is true for neutrons and electrons. So, what gives an element its distinctive properties—what makes carbon so different from sodium or iron?