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Proto-Indo-Aryan (or sometimes Proto-Indic [a]) is the reconstructed proto-language of the Indo-Aryan languages. It is intended to reconstruct the language of the pre-Vedic Indo-Aryans. Proto-Indo-Aryan is meant to be the predecessor of Old Indo-Aryan (1500–300 BCE), which is directly attested as Vedic and Mitanni-Aryan.
- c. 800 million (2018)–1.5 billion
- Proto-Indo-Aryan
The Indo-Aryan languages are a branch of the Indo-Iranian language family. They are mostly spoken in Southern Asia, including India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the Maldives and Bangladesh. However, some are also spoken in other places, such as Europe. The Indo-Aryan languages come from a common ancestor, Proto-Indo-Aryan, and today include ...
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Which Aryan language belongs to the Indo-Aryan family?
Are Aryan languages derived from Sanskrit?
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Are old Indo-Aryan and Middle Indo- Aryan coexisting?
Glottolog. midd1350. The Middle Indo-Aryan languages (or Middle Indic languages, sometimes conflated with the Prakrits, which are a stage of Middle Indic) are a historical group of languages of the Indo-Aryan family. They are the descendants of Old Indo-Aryan (OIA; attested through Vedic Sanskrit) and the predecessors of the modern Indo-Aryan ...
- Northern India
Common features. The close relation between the Iranian and Indo-Aryan groups has never been doubted. They share linguistic features to such a degree that Indo-Iranian is generally described as a distinct subgroup of Indo-European. For example, the long and short varieties of the Indo-European vowels e and o appear as ā and ă (a macron ...
A term coined by philologists to distinguish the Indian, or Indic, branch of the Indo-Iranian language group from its Iranian counterpart. This model is predicated on the assumption that there was at one time an undivided population speaking a common Indo-European language (‘Indo-Iranian’), which separated over time into Iranian (Persian) and Indian subgroups while migrating, and/or ...
George Cardona. Indo-Aryan languages - Characteristics of Middle Indo-Aryan: The Sanskrit word prākṛta, whence the term Prākrit, is a derivative from prakṛti- ‘original, nature.’. Grammarians of the Prākrits generally consider the original from which these derive to be the Sanskrit language as described by grammarians going back to ...
Characteristics of Old Indo-Aryan texts. The most archaic stage of Old Indo-Aryan is represented by the Sanskrit of the Vedas. Modern philologists generally treat the term veda as a noun meaning ‘knowledge.’. According to traditional Indian commentators, however, veda denotes an instrument whereby one gains knowledge of the means—which ...
