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      • German, like English, French, Swahili, Spanish, Arabic, Bengali, Chinese and other languages, is an instance of what Kloss (1978: 66–7) terms a ‘pluricentric’ language, i.e. a language with several interacting centres, each providing a national variety with at least some of its own (codified) norms.
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  2. Standard German is often considered an asymmetric pluricentric language; the standard used in Germany is often considered dominant, mostly because of the sheer number of its speakers and their frequent lack of awareness of the Austrian Standard German and Swiss Standard German varieties.

  3. “A pluricentric language is a language that is used in at least two nations where it has an official status as state language, co-state language, or re­gional language with its own (codified) norms that usually contribute to the national/personal identity, making the nation a norm-setting centre by the deliberate use of the norms native to ...

  4. Nov 1, 2018 · After a short historical summary which shows how todayʼs political and geographic distribution of the German language has evolved, the concept of a pluricentric language is developed, with German being a case in point.

    • Ulrich Ammon
  5. Sep 1, 2021 · The language must have official status as a state (e.g. German in Germany) or co-state language (e.g. German, French and Italian in Switzerland), or it should be at least a regional language (e.g. Italian in the region of South Tyrol in Austria).

    • is german a pluricentric language or religion1
    • is german a pluricentric language or religion2
    • is german a pluricentric language or religion3
    • is german a pluricentric language or religion4
    • is german a pluricentric language or religion5
  6. This chapter starts by examining the properties of pluricentric languages and then describes the form and function of Standard German in each of the German-language nations and those in which German has some kind of official or quasi-official status.

    • Michael Clyne
    • 1995
  7. A pluricentric language is typically defined as one which has more than one norma- tively installed national standard variety. When applied to German, this definition

  8. Jan 1, 2024 · Pluricentric languages (PLCLs) are a common type among the languages of the world. Presently 43 languages have been identified as belonging to this category, for instance, English, Spanish, Portuguese, Bengali, Hindi, Urdu ( Crystal, 2003 ).

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