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  1. The consistency of this extremely diverse set of phenotypic changes in domesticated mammals presents a major puzzle, as Darwin recognized. The suite seems to reflect something about the process of domestication per se , a conclusion strengthened by the finding that domesticated birds and even fish share some components of this spectrum of traits.

  2. Jul 1, 2014 · Darwin’s encyclopedic investigation of domesticated species revealed an intriguing phenomenon. From his survey of the animal breeding work, he found that domesticated mammals in general exhibit a suite of behavioral, physiological, and morphological traits not observed in their wild forebears.

    • Adam S. Wilkins, Adam S. Wilkins, Richard W. Wrangham, Richard W. Wrangham, W. Tecumseh Fitch
    • 2014
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  4. Domestication syndrome refers to two sets of phenotypic traits that are common to either domesticated plants or domesticated animals. Domesticated animals tend to be smaller and less aggressive than their wild counterparts, they may also have floppy ears, variations to coat color, a smaller brain, and a shorter muzzle.

  5. Dec 22, 2020 · Of the ten main phenotypic features of the domestication syndrome listed above, one characteristic is always present in all domesticated species: the feature no. 6—tameness, the reduced aggression towards humans as a result of reduced acute fear and chronic stress due to the presence of humans.

    • Goran Šimić, Vana Vukić, Janja Kopić, Željka Krsnik, Patrick R Hof
    • 10.3390/biom11010002
    • 2020
    • Biomolecules. 2021 Jan; 11(1): 2.
  6. Feb 11, 2022 · A recent hypothesis posits that the “domestication syndrome” characteristic of domesticated animals is driven by selection for tameness acting on neural crest cell genes, particularly those affecting cell migration. This is posited to explain why this syndrome involves many disparate phenotypic effects.

    • Andrew O. Rubio, Kyle Summers
    • PLoS One. 2022; 17(2): e0263830.
    • 10.1371/journal.pone.0263830
    • 2022
  7. Jul 19, 2021 · That explains why, under our hypothesis, there can be no “universal” domestication syndrome of all mammals. Johnsson et al. point out that for most complex phenotypic traits the genetic changes that produce them are usually not limited to one GRN, hence one should not expect all genetic changes affecting domestication to involve NCCs.

  8. factors involved in domestication rather than the underlying developmental and genetic causes of these traits. Here, we propose that the domestication syndrome results predominantly from mild neural crest cell deficits during embryonic development.

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