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John Ridley Stroop (/ s t r uː p /; March 21, 1897 – September 1, 1973), better known as J. Ridley Stroop, was an American psychologist whose research in cognition and interference continues to be considered by some as the gold standard in attentional studies and profound enough to continue to be cited for relevance into the 21st century.
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Learn about the life and work of John Ridley Stroop, a psychologist and author who developed the Stroop Test, a study of how interference affects brain processes. Find out how he became a pastor, teacher, and scholar of the Bible and the church.
- What Is The Stroop Effect?
- How The Stroop Effect Works
- Additional Research
- Other Uses and Versions
- Critical Evaluation
- References
- Further Information
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Congruency, or agreement, occurs when a word’s meaning and font color are the same. For example, if the word “green” is printed in green. Incongruent stimuli are just the opposite. That is the word’s meaning and the color in which it is written do not align. For example, the word “green” might be printed in red ink. The Stroop task asks individuals...
Why does the Stroop effect occur? We can tell our brain to do lots of things – store memories, sleep, think, etc. – so why can’t we tell it to do something as easy as naming a color? Isn’t that something we learn to do at a very young age?
John Ridley Stroop helped lay the groundwork for future research in this field. Numerous studies have tried to identify the specific brain regions responsible for this phenomenon, identifying two key regions: the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLFPC). Both MRI and fMRI scans show activity in the ACC and DLPFC wh...
The purpose of the Stroop task is to measure interference that occurs in the brain. The initial paradigm has since been adopted in several different ways to measure other forms of interference (such as duration and numerosity, as mentioned earlier). The below figure provides illustrations for these four variations: The Stroop task is also used as a...
Dishon-Berkovits and Algom (2000) argue that the Stroop effect is not a result of automatic processes but is due to incidental correlations between the word and its color across stimuli. They suggest that participants unconsciously recognize these correlations, using word cues to anticipate the correct color hue they should name. When testing with ...
Banich, M. T., Milham, M. P., Atchley, R., Cohen, N. J., Webb, A., Wszalek, T., … & Magin, R. (2000). fMRI studies of Stroop tasks reveal unique roles of anterior and posterior brain systems in attentional selection. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 12(6), 988-1000. Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K., & McClelland, J. L. (1990). On the control of automatic...
The Stroop effect is a psychological phenomenon that occurs when the name of a color is printed in a color not denoted by the name, making it difficult to name the color of the word. It was first published by John Ridley Stroop in 1935 and has been modified to study brain mechanisms and psychopathology. Learn more about the first Stroop experiment, how it works, additional research, and other uses of the Stroop task.
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J. Ridley Stroop. [ 1] (1935) George Peabody College. First published in Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643-662. INTRODUCTION. Interference or inhibition (the terms seem to have been used almost indiscriminately) has been given a large place in experimental literature.
John Stroop was an experimental psychologist who developed the Stroop test, a task to measure how people process information automatically or deliberately. He also studied attention, emotion, and biblical teaching. Learn more about his life, work, and legacy.
524 CM. MacLeod of abating; indeed, it seems to be on the increase. John Ridley Stroop was a pioneer, instrumental in providing one of the tools most valued by cognitive psychologists. A half century later, the task that bears his name continues to be a challenging puzzle for experimental psychologists to solve.
Jul 1, 1991 · PDF | The Stroop colour-word task, the most widely used demonstration of interference in attention, has provided a fascinating empirical and theoretical... | Find, read and cite all the research...
