- From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁, Karafuto-chō), commonly called South Sakhalin, was the Japanese administrative division corresponding to Japanese territory on southern Sakhalin island from 1905 to 1945. Through the Treaty of Portsmouth, the portion of the island south of 50°N became a colony of Japan in 1905.
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wiki2.org/en/Karafuto_Prefecture#:~:text=From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁,,50°N became a colony of Japan in 1905.
Karafuto Prefecture, commonly known as South Sakhalin, was a prefecture of Japan located in Sakhalin from 1907 to 1949. Karafuto became territory of the Empire of Japan in 1905 after the Russo-Japanese War when the portion of Sakhalin south of 50°N was ceded from the Russian Empire in the Treaty of Portsmouth. Karafuto was established in 1907 as an external territory until being upgraded to an "Inner Land" of the Japanese metropole in 1943. Ōtomari was the capital of Karafuto from 1905 to ...
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The Japanese name Karafuto(樺太) comes from Ainu kamuy kar put ya mosir (カムイ・カラ・プト・ヤ・モシリ), which means "the island a god has created on the estuary (of Amur River)". It was formerly known as Kita Ezo(北蝦夷), meaning Northern Ezo (Ezo is the former name for Hokkaido). When the Japanese administered the prefecture, Karafuto usually meant Southern Sakhalin only. For convenience, the northern part of the island was sometimes called Sagaren(薩哈嗹). In Russian, the entire island was named Sakhalin (Сахалин) or Saghalien. It is from Manchu sahaliyan ula angga hada, meaning "peak of the mouth of Amur River".[citation needed] The southern part was simply called Yuzhny Sakhalin (Южный Сахалин, "South Sakhalin"). In Korean, the name is Sahallin (사할린) or Hwataedo (화태도, 樺太島), with the latter name in use during Korea under Japanese rule.
Japanese settlement on Sakhalin dates to at least the Edo period. Ōtomari was established in 1679, and cartographers of the Matsumae domain mapped the island, and named it "Kita-Ezo". Japanese cartographer and explorer Mamiya Rinzō established that Sakhalin was an island through his discovery of what is now named Mamiya Strait (Strait of Tartary) in 1809. Japan unilaterally proclaimed sovereignty over the whole island in 1845, but its claims were not recognized by the Russian Empire, fearing that Qing dynasty China might reclaim Vladivostok (Chinese: 海參崴) and Outer Manchuria (known in China as the Sixty-Four Villages East of the River). The 1855 Treaty of Shimoda acknowledged that both Russia and Japan had joint rights of occupation to Sakhalin, without setting a definite territorial demarcation. As the island became settled in the 1860s and 1870s, this ambiguity led to increasing friction between settlers. Attem...
The pre-war economy of Karafuto was based on fishing, forestry and agriculture, together with extraction of coal and petroleum. In terms of industry, the paper industry and the charcoal production industry were well developed. Karafuto suffered from a labor shortage through most of its history, and tax incentives were provided to encourage immigration.During World War II, a large number of Koreans were also forcibly relocated to Karafuto. An extensive railway network was constructed in Karafuto to support the extraction of natural resources. The Karafuto Railway Bureau(樺太鉄道局, Karafuto Tetsudōkyoku)maintained 682.6 kilometers of track in four main lines, and an additional 58.2 kilometers of track.
Karafuto was administered from the central government in Tokyo as the Karafuto Agency(樺太庁, Karafuto-chō) under the Colonization Bureau(拓務局, Takumukyoku) of the Home Ministry. The Colonization Bureau became the Ministry of Colonial Affairs(拓務省, Takumushō) in 1923 at which time Karafuto was officially designated an overseas territory of the Empire of Japan. When the Ministry of Colonial Affairs was absorbed into the new Ministry of Greater East Asia in 1942, the administration of Karafuto was separated, and Karafuto became an integral part of the Japanese home islands.
As of 1945, Karafuto was divided into four subprefectures, which in turn were subdivided into 11 districts, in turn divided into 41 municipalities (one city, 13 towns, and 27 villages) Karafuto's largest city was Toyohara. Other major cities included Esutoru in the north central and Maokain the south central region. The list below are the towns and the city of the prefecture. These in italics are the corresponding current Russiannames. Esutoru Subprefecture (恵須取支庁) 1. Towns 1. 1.1. Chinnai (珍内町, Krasnogorsk) 1.2. Esutoru (恵須取町, Uglegorsk) 1.3. Nayoshi (名好町, Lesogorsk) 1.4. Tōro (塔路町, Shakhtyorsk) Maoka Subprefecture (真岡支庁) 1. Towns 1. 1.1. Honto (本斗町, Nevelsk) 1.2. Maoka (真岡町, Kholmsk) 1.3. Naihoro (内幌町, Gornozavodsk) 1.4. Noda (野田町, Chekhovo) 1.5. Tomarioru (泊居町, Tomari) Shikuka Subprefecture (敷香支庁) 1. Towns 1. 1.1. Shirutoru (知取町, Makarov) 1.2. Shikuka, Shisuka (敷香町, Poronaysk) Toyohara Subprefecture (豊原支庁) 1. City 1. 1.1. Toyohara (豊原市, Yuzhno-Sa...
Sevela, Marie, "Sakhalin: The Japanese under Soviet rule". History and Memory, January 1998, pp. 41–46.Sevela, Marie, "Nihon wa Soren ni natta toki. Karafuto kara Saharin e no ikô 1945–1948". Rekishigakukenkû, 1995, no. 676, pp. 26–35, 63.From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Between 1905 and 1945, the Japanese Empire administered the southern half of Sakhalin, using the name Karafuto (樺太). The area was designated a chō (廳), the same term given to Hokkaidō at the time. It is commonly referred to as Karafuto Prefecture in English.
Its Japanese name, Karafuto (樺太), supposedly comes from Ainu kamuy kar put ya mosir (カムイ・カラ・プト・ヤ・モシリ, shortened to Karput カラ・プト), which means "the island a god has created at the estuary (of the Amur River)".
- 72,492 km² (27,989 sq mi)
- 51°N 143°E / 51°N 143°ECoordinates: 51°N 143°E / 51°N 143°E
The Japanese name Karafuto comes from Ainu kamuy kar put ya mosir, which means "the island a god has created on the estuary (of Amur River)". It was formerly known as Kita Ezo, meaning Northern Ezo (Ezo was the former name for Hokkaido). When the Japanese administered the prefecture, Karafuto usually meant Southern Sakhalin only.
Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁 Karafuto-chō?), commonly called South Sakhalin, was the Japanese administrative division corresponding to Japanese territory on Sakhalin from 1905 to 1945. Through the Treaty of Portsmouth, the portion of Sakhalin south of 50°N became a colony of Japan in 1905.
- December 1 1945
- Coat of arms
- 1905 (-1907)
- Toyohara
The Karafuto Fortress was the defensive unit formed by the Karafuto fortification installations, and the Karafuto detachment of Japanese forces, the 88th Division. The headquarters was in Toyohara, capital of the province, based on the Suzuya plain, in the Southern Karafuto area, not far from the ports of Otomari and Maoka.
Today, in turn, Japan uses its word ken (県), meaning "prefecture", to identify Portuguese districts while in Brazil the word "Prefeitura" is used to refer to a city hall. Those fiefs were headed by a local warlord or family.
Sakhalin (/ ˌ s æ k ə ˈ l iː n, ˌ s æ x-/ or / s ə ˈ k eɪ l ɪ n,-ˈ x eɪ-/; Russian: Сахали́н, tr. Sakhalín, IPA: [səxɐˈlʲin]; Japanese: 樺太 Karafuto) is the northernmost island of the Japanese archipelago and the largest island of the Russian Federation.
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