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t. e. Oracle bone script is the oldest attested form of written Chinese, dating to the late 2nd millennium BC. Inscriptions were made by carving characters into oracle bones, usually either the shoulder bones of oxen or the plastra of turtles. The writings themselves mainly record the results of official divinations carried out on behalf of the ...
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Background. The Chinese language has always consisted of a wide variety of dialects; hence prestige dialects and linguae francae have always been needed. Confucius (c. 551 – c. 479 BC) referred to yayan 'elegant speech' modeled on the dialect of the Zhou dynasty royal lands rather than regional dialects; texts authored during the Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) also refer to tongyu (通語 ...
Chengyu. Chengyu ( traditional Chinese: 成語; simplified Chinese: 成语; pinyin: chéngyǔ; trans. "set phrase") are a type of traditional Chinese idiomatic expressions, most of which consist of four Chinese characters. Chengyu were widely used in Literary Chinese and are still common in written vernacular Chinese writing and in the spoken ...
It is designated as the official language of mainland China and a major language in the United Nations, Singapore, and Taiwan. It is largely based on the Beijing dialect. Standard Chinese is a pluricentric language with local standards in mainland China, Taiwan and Singapore that mainly differ in their lexicon. [7]
Sichuanese Standard Mandarin (simplified Chinese: 四 川 普 通 话; traditional Chinese: 四 川 普 通 話; Sichuanese Pinyin: Si 4 cuan 1 Pu 3 tong 1 hua 4; pinyin: Sìchuān Pǔtōnghuà), or Szechwanese Standard Mandarin, also known as Pepper Salt Standard Mandarin (simplified Chinese: 椒 盐 普 通 话; traditional Chinese: 椒 鹽 ...
The name mandarin orange is a calque of Swedish mandarin apelsin [ apelsin from German Apfelsine ( Apfel + Sina ), meaning Chinese apple ], first attested in the 18th century. The Imperial Chinese term "mandarine" was first adopted by the French for this fruit. The reason for the epithet is not clear.
