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Feb 6, 2020 · Explore the surrealist's clipped-together creations, which attest to a roving eye for materials and a deep curiosity about harmony and dissonance. See images from a new exhibition of Ernst's collages, on view at Paul Kasmin's 297 Tenth Avenue location through February 29, 2020.
Learn about Max Ernst, a German-born artist who pioneered collage, frottage, and other techniques to create surreal and dreamlike works. Explore his biography, exhibitions, publications, and 235 works online at MoMA.
Learn how Max Ernst used diverse pictorial elements, rubbings, and textures to create his surrealist collages, frottages, and grattages. Explore his works and the sources of his inspiration in this exhibition at Moderna Museet in Stockholm.
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- Summary of Max Ernst
- Accomplishments
- Biography of Max Ernst
German-born Max Ernst was a provocateur, a shocking and innovative artist who mined his unconscious for dreamlike imagery that mocked social conventions. A soldier in World War I, Ernst emerged deeply traumatized and highly critical of western culture. These charged sentiments directly fed into his vision of the modern world as irrational, an idea ...
Max Ernst attacked the conventions and traditions of art, all the while possessing a thorough knowledge of European art history. He questioned the sanctity of art by creating non-representational w...Ernst was profoundly interested in the art of the mentally ill as a means to access primal emotion and unfettered creativity.Ernst was one of the first artists to apply Sigmund Freud'sdream theories investigate his deep psyche in order to explore the source of his own creativity. While turning inwards unto himself, Ernst...Interested in locating the origin of his own creativity, Ernst attempted to freely paint from his inner psyche and in an attempt to reach a pre-verbal state of being. Doing so unleashed his primal...Childhood
Max Ernst was born into a middle-class Catholic family of nine children in Bruhl, Germany, near Cologne. Ernst first learned to paint from his father, a strict disciplinarian who was deaf, and a teacher who held an avid interest in academic art. A good deal of Ernst's work as an adult sought to undermine authority including that of his father. Other than this introduction to amateur painting at home, Ernst never received any formal training in art: thus he was responsible for his own artistic...
Early Training
Although primarily self-taught, Ernst was influenced by the works of Vincent van Gogh and August Macke, and the canvases of Giorgio de Chirico prompted his interest in dream imagery and the fantastical. Ernst mined the experiences of his childhood and war to depict both absurd and apocalyptic scenes. A subversive tendency remained strong in Ernst throughout his career, as he literally turned the world upside down in many of his works. Returning to Germany after armistice, Ernst along with the...
Mature Period
In 1922, Ernst left his first wife behind and moved to Paris, where he would live and work until 1941 - when World War II made it impossible to remain in Europe. During these decades, Surrealism came to displace Dadaism with the publication of André Breton's"First Surrealist Manifesto"(1924), and Ernst became one of the movement's founding members. Ernst and his artist-colleagues were discovering the possibilities of autonomism and dreams; in fact, his artistic investigations were aided by hy...
- German
- April 2, 1891
- Bruhl, Germany
- April 1, 1976
- An overwhelming dream. A woman sleeps in an elaborately decorated bed hung with fringed and tasseled curtains. A bearded man dressed in a frock coat stands in the bedroom and contemplates her, his chin in his hand.
- Irrational juxtaposition. The Surrealists saw collage as a means to enact what they considered to be the fundamental poetic activity of the unconscious mind, the combination of disparate entities to create a new thing.
- Manifestations of the unconscious. Ernst was the first visual artist to join the Surrealist movement, and his early Dada collages such as Here Everything is Still Floating were an important catalyst for the development of Surrealism.
- Transforming ordinary things. Collage techniques were widely used in the 19th century by women making albums and decorative objects. In the 20th century they were adopted by the Cubist painters Picasso and Braque, who used them to expand their exploration of representational strategies and pictorial form.
Dec 6, 2023 · As a Dadaist Ernst initially used collage techniques of juxtaposition to violate established expectations and rationality. For the Surrealists, however, the disruptions and dislocations of collage were not just arbitrary iconoclasm; they were direct manifestations of unconscious thinking. Max Ernst, Above the Clouds Walks Midnight, 1920 ...
Mar 29, 2024 · In 1929 Ernst returned to collage and created The Woman with 100 Heads, his first “ collage novel”—a sequence of illustrations assembled from 19th- and 20th-century reading material and a format which he is credited with having invented.
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