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  1. Middle Chinese. Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the Qieyun, a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions. The Swedish linguist Bernhard Karlgren believed that the dictionary recorded a speech standard ...

  2. Middle Chinese. Middle Chinese ( Chinese: 中古漢語; pinyin: zhōnggǔ Hànyǔ ), or Ancient Chinese as used by linguist Bernhard Karlgren is a name given to an older version of the Chinese language. People spoke it during Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties ( 6th century - 10th century ). The term "Middle ...

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  4. The same notation was used in his Grammata Serica Recensa (1957), a dictionary of Middle and Old Chinese that remains a standard reference, even though Karlgren's reconstruction of Old Chinese has been superseded by those of Li Fang-Kuei and William Baxter, among others.

  5. Jun 9, 2020 · Summary. Middle Chinese phonology is mainly based on the information from the phonological system of the Qièyùn 切韻, a rhyme dictionary compiled in 601. The literary standard represented by the Qièyùn and its later revisions served as the rhyming standard for centuries, even up until modern times. The phonological system of the Qièyùn ...

  6. Other articles where Middle Chinese language is discussed: Chinese languages: … (8th to 3rd century bc), Ancient (Middle) Chinese (through ad 907), and Modern Chinese (from c. the 10th century to modern times). The Proto-Sinitic period is the period of the most ancient inscriptions and poetry; most loanwords in Chinese were borrowed after that period. The works of Confucius and Mencius…

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