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John was born third of his parents four sons. Among his three brothers, the eldest, John Archibald Dewey, died in infancy. The second, Davis Rich Dewey, was elder to him by one and half years, while the fourth, Charles Miner Dewey, was younger by another one and half years.
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- Who Was John Dewey?
- Early Life
- Teaching Career
- Philosophy
- Education Reform
- Writing
- Politics
- Later Life and Death
John Dewey taught at universities from 1884 to 1930. An academic philosopher and proponent of educational reform, in 1894 Dewey started an experimental elementary school. In 1919 he co-founded The New School for Social Research. Dewey published over 1,000 pieces of writings during his lifetime.
Dewey was born on October 20, 1859, to Archibald Dewey and Lucina Artemisia Rich in Burlington, Vermont. He was the third of the couple’s four sons, one of whom died as an infant. Dewey’s mother, the daughter of a wealthy farmer, was a devout Calvinist. His father, a merchant, left his grocery business to become a Union Army soldier in the Civil Wa...
The autumn after Dewey graduated, his cousin landed him a teaching job at a seminary in Oil City, Pennsylvania. Two years later, Dewey lost the position when his cousin resigned as principal of the seminary. After being laid off, Dewey went back to Vermont and started teaching at a private school in Vermont. During his free time, he read philosophi...
Dewey’s philosophical treatises were at first inspired by his reading of philosopher and psychologist William James’ writing. Dewey’s philosophy, known as experimentalism, or instrumentalism, largely centered on human experience. Rejecting the more rigid ideas of Transcendentalism to which Dewey had been exposed in academia, it viewed ideas as tool...
Dewey was a strong proponent for progressive educational reform. He believed that education should be based on the principle of learning through doing. In 1894 Dewey and his wife Harriet started their own experimental primary school, the University Elementary School, at the University of Chicago. His goal was to test his educational theories, but D...
Dewey wrote his first two books, Psychology (1887) and Leibniz’s New Essays Concerning the Human Understanding (1888), when he was working at the University of Michigan. Over the course of his lifetime, Dewey published more than 1,000 works, including essays, articles and books. His writing covered a broad range of topics: psychology, philosophy, e...
While Dewey thought that a democracy was the best type of government, he believed that America’s democracy was strained in the wake of the Industrial Revolution. Industrialization, he believed, had quickly created great wealth for only a few people, rather than benefiting society as a whole. Viewing the major political parties as servants of big bu...
In 1946, Dewey, then 87, remarried to a widow named Roberta Grant. Following their marriage, the Deweys lived off of Roberta’s inheritance and Dewey’s book royalties. On June 1, 1952, Dewey, a lifelong supporter of educational reform and defender of rights for everyman, died of pneumonia at the age of 92 in the couple’s New York City apartment.
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Photo caption. In July 1894, a train carrying a young philosopher from Ann Arbor, Michigan, pulled into Chicago Union Station. Its arrival was delayed by striking workers of the American Railway Union, who were made furious by the Pullman Company’s decision to cut their wages.
Below are two biographical perspectives on Dewey, the first from Max Otto, and the second from Alfred North Whitehead. John Dewey. by Max Otto. John Dewey. Courtesy of the Harvard University Archives. Toward sundown on the first day of June, the thing happened that had to happen sooner or later. The life of John Dewey came to a close.
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He was the third son of his father, Archibald Dewey, who owned a grocery store in Burlington, and his mother, Lucina Artemisia Rich, the granddaughter of a congressman. His mother had a strong belief in Calvinism, which is a religion whose faith is expressed in terms of good works and moral behaviors.
Dewey quickly saw Morris as the only "real philosopher" and adopted him as mentor. Morris was a fellow Vermonter by birth and had also attended Union Theological Seminary. His interests were clearly aligned with Dewey's interests in metaphysics and theology.
Dewey hated to say good-bye to his two-yearold baby, Morris, for he had already made up his mind, by what signs it would be hard to say, that the child was a kind of saintly genius. This was...
