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Apr 16, 2012 · Abstract. Historically, natural products have been used since ancient times and in folklore for the treatment of many diseases and illnesses. Classical natural product chemistry methodologies enabled a vast array of bioactive secondary metabolites from terrestrial and marine sources to be discovered.
- 2D NMR-spectroscopic Screening Reveals Polyketides in Ladybugs
1 H NMR spectra of small-molecule mixtures are frequently...
- The Relevance of Higher Plants in Lead Compound Discovery Programs
In terms of the discovery of new natural products that might...
- Drug Discovery From Natural Sources
Over 20 new drugs launched on the market between 2000 and...
- 2D NMR-spectroscopic Screening Reveals Polyketides in Ladybugs
- Penicillin
- Statins
- Aspirin
- Avermectins
- Rifampicin
- Capreomycin
- Vancomycin
- Doxorubicin
- Cyclosporine
- Aureomycin
British microbiologist Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin, the world’s first antibiotic, from the Penicillium notatum mould in 1928. This ground-breaking drug is still used to treat bacterial infections caused by strains of staphylococci and streptococcisuch as pneumonia, meningitis and septicaemia. It can also be used to treat anthrax, botuli...
Statins are a class of lipid-lowering medications, commonly prescribed to lower cholesterol levels, and were developed from molecules produced by fungus. These molecules were discovered in various fungi by biochemists and scientists across Japan, UK and US in the 1970s and 1980s. Statins are also used as a primary preventative treatment in people a...
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), known by the brand name Aspirin, was inspired by the use of salicylic acid, derived from the bark and leaves of willow trees to treat fever, pain and inflammation throughout history. In 1853, chemist Charles Frédéric Gerhardt treated sodium salicylate with acetyl chloride to produce ASA for the first time and scientists ...
Avermectins are a series of drugs and pesticides used to treat parasitic worms, such as those that cause river blindness, and insect pests. They are derived from Streptomyces avermitilis, an actinomycete discovered in 1978 from a soil sample collected at Itō in Japan’s Shizuoka Prefecture. Biologist and parasitologist William C. Campbell and bioche...
Rifampicin is an antibiotic developed in 1965 from the soil bacterium Amycolatopsis rifamycinicawhich was discovered in a soil sample taken from a pine forest on the French Riviera. It is used to treat several types of bacterial infection including tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, leprosy and Legionnaires’ disease.
An anti-inflammatory antibiotic, Capreomycin was discovered in the United States in 1960 and developed from the soil bacterium, Streptomyces capreolus. It is used in combination with other antibiotics to treat tuberculosis and is prescribed as a second-line treatment for active drug-resistant tuberculosis.
A soil sample collected from the interior jungles of Borneo by missionary Rev. William M. Bouw yielded the Amycolatopsis orientalis organism which led to the development of Vancomycin in 1953. This antibiotic is used to treat bacterial skin and bloodstream infections, endocarditis, bone and joint infections and meningitis caused by methicillin-resi...
Doxorubicin was discovered during an organised effort in the 1950s to find anticancer compounds in soil-based microbes. A new strain of Streptomyces peucetius bacteria was found in a soil sample taken from the grounds of Castel del Monte, a 13th-century Italian castle. Sold under the brand name Adriamycin, Doxorubicin is a chemotherapy medication u...
Cyclosporine was isolated in 1971 from Tolypocladium inflatum, a new strain of fungus discovered in soil samples from Norway. Its immunosuppressive properties were quickly discovered and Cyclosporine came into medical use in 1983 and was listed on the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) List of Essential Medicines. It is used to treat psoriasis, rheu...
Aureomycin, also known as chlortetracycline, was the first tetracycline antibiotic identified. It was discovered by plant physiologist Benjamin Minge Duggar in 1945 as the product of Streptomyces aureofaciens, a bacteria he cultured from a soil sample collected from the University of Missouri’s Sanborn Field. It is used to treat allergic dermatitis...
People also ask
What are the major sources of drugs?
Which drugs are derived from animal sources?
Are natural products a source of new drugs?
This review is an updated and expanded version of the five prior reviews that were published in this journal in 1997, 2003, 2007, 2012, and 2016. For all approved therapeutic agents, the time frame has been extended to cover the almost 39 years from the first of January 1981 to the 30th of September 2019 for all diseases worldwide and from ∼1946 (earliest so far identified) to the 30th of ...
- David J. Newman, Gordon M. Cragg
- 2020
Jun 9, 2022 · For example plant species such as Amaranthus hybridus L. have been identified using DNA barcoding (Chen et al., 2017; Ghorbani et al., 2017). Whilst DNA barcoding is useful in identification of plants and other natural product sources, plant parts may have different therapeutic properties as they are exposed to different environmental factors.
- Kevin Dzobo
- 2021
The major sources of drugs can be grouped into the following. 3.1 Natural Sources 3.1.1 Plants as Drug Sources. Among the natural sources, plants contribute to a vast majority of drugs. Extracts from plants may either be used without further processing (crude drugs) or with technical processing (prepared drugs).
- Avinash Arivazhahan
- 2019
Apr 29, 2016 · This study aims to review the literature on the relationship among natural products, traditional medicines, and modern medicine, and to explore the possible concepts and methodologies from natural products and traditional medicines to further develop drug discovery. The unique characteristics of theory, application, current role or status, and ...
Jul 27, 2022 · Screening for natural products typically involves looking through a large library of extracts from natural sources. The Natural Product Drug Discovery Core, which I co-founded with my colleague ...
