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History Formation See also: Historic conservatism in New Zealand and Historic liberalism in New Zealand The National Party was formed in May 1936, but its roots go considerably further back. The party came about as the result of a merger between the United Party (known as the Liberal Party until 1927, except for a short period between 1925 and 1927 when it used the name "National Party") and ...
- 14 May 1936; 87 years ago
- Centre-right
Partai Nasional Selandia Baru ( Māori: Rōpū Nāhinara) adalah salah satu partai politik di Selandia Baru, dan salah satu dari dua partai mayoritas pada politik Selandia Baru. Partai ini didirikan pada tahun 1936 merupakan gabungan dari Partai Persatuan dan Partai Reformasi, menjadikan partai ini menjadi partai tertua kedua di Selandia Baru.
- 13–14 Mei 1936
- Bill English
- Peter Goodfellow
- John Key
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Selandia Baru (dalam bahasa Maori disebut Aotearoa (artinya Tanah Berawan Putih Panjang); bahasa Inggris: New Zealand, bahasa Latin: Nova Zeelandia) adalah sebuah negara kepulauan di barat daya Samudera Pasifik; kira-kira 1.500 kilometer di tenggara Australia, di seberang Laut Tasman; dan kira-kira 1.000 kilometer di selatan negara-negara kepulauan Pasifik, yakni Kaledonia Baru, Fiji, dan Tonga.
- 268,021 km² (75)
Bill English. Sir Sidney Holland. New Zealand National Party, political party founded in 1936 in the merger of non-Labour groups, most notably the United Party and the Reform Party, two parties that had been in coalition since 1931. It supports free-market economic policies and draws votes heavily from suburban and rural districts.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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In New Zealand the term parliament is used in a few different senses. Firstly, the term refers to the entire legislative branch consisting of the King (whose constitutional role in the legislative process is limited) and the House of Representatives. Secondly, it can mean each group of MPs voted into office following a general election. In this sen...
Westminster model
The New Zealand Parliament is specifically modelled on the Westminster system of parliamentary representation, developed in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. This system can be traced back to the "Model Parliament" of 1295. Over the centuries, parliaments progressively limited the power of the monarchy (constitutional monarchy). The Bill of Rights 1688 (which has been ratified as law in New Zealand) established a system where parliaments would be regularly elected. Among its pr...
Establishment
As early as 1846 the British settlers in New Zealand petitioned for self-government. The New Zealand Parliament was created by the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, an act of the British Parliament, which established a bicameral legislature officially named the General Assembly, later commonly referred to as Parliament. It had a lower house, called the House of Representatives, and an upper house, called the Legislative Council. The members of the House were elected under the first-past-the-...
Provincial government
Under the Constitution Act, legislative power was also conferred on New Zealand's provinces (originally six in number), each of which had its own elected provincial council. These provincial councils were able to legislate for their provinces on most subjects. New Zealand was never a federation comparable to Canada or Australia; Parliament could legislate concurrently with the provinces on any matter, and in the event of a conflict, the law passed by Parliament would prevail.Over a twenty-yea...
Based on the Westminster system, the New Zealand Parliament is supreme, with no other government institution able to override its decisions. As such, legislative action is not justiciable—it cannot be challenged by the judiciary.: 604 The ability of Parliament to act is, legally, unimpeded. For example, the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 is a ...
The monarch of New Zealand – currently King Charles III, represented in New Zealand by the Governor-General, Dame Cindy Kiro – is one of the components of Parliament. This results from the role of the monarch to sign into law (give Royal Assent to) the bills that have been passed by the House of Representatives. MPs must express their loyalty to th...
House of Representatives
The House of Representatives was established as a lower house and has been the Parliament's sole house since 1951. Since the introduction of MMP in 1996, the House consists of 120 members of Parliament (MPs), elected to a three-year term. Parliamentary elections use the mixed-member proportional (MMP) system, a hybrid of first-past-the-post and closed party-list proportional representation; 71 MPs represent single-member electorates of roughly the same population, while the remainder are list...
Upper house
The Parliament does not have an upper house; there was an upper house up to 1951, and there have been occasional suggestions to create a new one. The Legislative Council chamber continues to be used during the Opening of Parliament.This is in keeping with the British tradition in which the monarch is barred from entering the lower house.
A term of Parliament in New Zealand may not last more than three years. The Constitution Act 1986 outlines that the governor-general is responsible for dissolving Parliament,[note 1] which is done by royal proclamation. Dissolution ends a parliamentary term, after which the writ for a general election is issued. Upon completion of the election, the...
Before any law is passed, it is first introduced in Parliament as a draft known as a bill. The majority of bills are promulgated by the government of the day. It is rare for government bills to be defeated (the first to be defeated in the 20th century was in 1998). It is also possible for individual MPs to promote their own bills, called members' b...
- 24 May 1854 (first sitting)
- Charles III, since 8 September 2022
The endemic flightless kiwi is a national icon. New Zealand's geographic isolation for 80 million years and island biogeography has influenced evolution of the country's species of animals, fungi and plants. Physical isolation has caused biological isolation, resulting in a dynamic evolutionary ecology with examples of distinctive plants and ...
In 2016, New Zealand's exports to Indonesia reached NZ$843 million, while Indonesia's exports to New Zealand were at NZ$724 million. Total two-way trade for 12 months to June 2016 was NZ$1.567 billion. Indonesia was New Zealand's 13th largest trading partner for goods trade. See also. Indonesian New Zealanders; Notes
