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3 days ago · Founded by the Phocaeans of Marseille (a colony of Greek mariners) around 350 bce, the city was probably named in honour of a victory ( nikē in Greek) over a neighbouring colony. Conquered by the Romans during the 1st century ce, it became a busy trading station.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Located on the French Riviera, the southeastern coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the French Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille.
- 71.92 km² (27.77 sq mi)
- Alpes-Maritimes
- The First Settlements Around Nice Date Back 400,000 years.
- The Greeks Settled in Nice and Named It After The Greek Goddess Nike.
- It Was Conquered by The Romans.
- It Was Attacked Several times.
- It Fell Under The Rule of The Counts of Provence.
- It Tried to Keep Its Independence.
- The Great Plague of 1347 Decimates The population.
- It Became Part of The House of Savoy in 1388.
- It Prospered Under The Duchy of Savoy.
- The Holy Shroud Was Kept in Nice.
Artefacts in Nice show that settlements date back well into the millennia. In the southeastern part of the city of Nice, the Lazaret cave was found with human remains dating back to the Middle Palaeolithic prehistoric site.
The city of Nice was named by Greek colonists that settled here in around 350BC, after defeating the the Ligurians tribe from nearby Liguria, Italy. It was given the name of Níkaia, after the Greek Goddess of victory, Nike. Alongside the Greeks were the local Celtic tribes of Gaul. The tribes who settled in the area were known to be farmers, crafts...
After the Greeks, the Roman empire made its way to Nice. They began to settle here around 154 BC. J.-C., eventually settling across much of the area from Arles, Nimes, Lyon, and all the way up to Brittany, Normandy and Paris. After Julius Caesar and his army invaded and settled in the area, they gave the area the Roman name “Cemenelum”. Today, the ...
After the fall of the Roman Empire, the settlements at Nice and Liguria were without protection. From the 4th to the 10th centuries, the city was overrun by the Byzantines, the Lombards and the Frankish tribes. It was also invaded by Saracen and Norman raiders. In the 7th century, Nice joined the Genoese League formed by several of the towns of Lig...
During the 13th and 14th centuries, the Counts of Provence tried to subjugate Nice several times. The locals refused to pledge allegiance to the Counts with much blood shed on several occasions. In 1228, the city of Nice entered into an alliance with the cities of Grasseand Draguignan and signed a convention with the Republic of Pisa. In response, ...
Nice continued to be ruled officially by the Counts of Provence, who were also members of the House of Valois-Anjou, a cadet branch of the French royal house. However, there was much upheaval in the area at the time. It is during this period that a portion of the lands near Nice were given to the Grimaldi family for what is now the principality of ...
Like much of Europe, Nice was not able to escape the Great Plague. It reduced the population by about half, to about 7,000 people in 1365. The city’s beautiful location however meant that people were determined to rebuild.
Nice took part in the War of the Union of Aix from 1383 to 1388 which was provoked by the death of Queen Jeanne of Naples and Countess of Provence. (She was a descendent of Beatrice and Charles.) Nice sided against the Counts of Provence. In an agreement, the city was given the Count of Savoy Amédée VII on 27 September 1388, and was now part of the...
Along with the neighboring fishing village of Villefranche-sur-mer, Nice became the only port in the county of Savoy on the Mediterranean. The duchy covered much of the area around the Alps, with its capital in Chambéry. As the maritime power of Nice increases, its fortifications were enlarged and its roads improved.
In the Middle ages, the famed “Shroud of Turin”, was actually not in Turin at all. It became property of the Duke of Savoy, and was moved to his capital in Chambéryin 1452. After a fire, it was moved to Nice where it was kept for 7 years from 1536 to 1543, before being returned to Chambéry. The Savoy capital was moved to Turin in 1562, and hence th...
Nice is a veritable kaleidoscope of history, traversing scoundrels, artists, aristocrats, monarchs and martyrs. Here are a few of the highlights… First Tourists Nice’s first tourists started coming almost 400,000 years ago, and were transient cave-dwellers that came to Nice once a year to hunt woolly mammoths!
Learn about the ancient and historical city of Nice, from its Greek and Roman origins to its French and Italian influences. Discover the city's rich and unique history through its landmarks, monuments, and museums, such as the Monastery of Cimiez, the Massena Square, and the Jardins de Cimiez.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nice, France . Prior to 19th century. 262 CE - Nice taken by Goth forces. [1] 859 - Nice sacked by Saracens. [2] 880 - Nice sacked by Saracens again. [2] 1388 - Dedication of Nice to Savoy [ fr] effected. [2] 1538 - Peace treaty [ fr] signed in Nice. 1543 - Siege of Nice by Turkish forces.
Nice's story begins around the 3rd century BC when ancient Greeks from Phocaea established a colony on the Colline du Chateau, probably supplanting the Ligurian population. Little is known about this early settlement except that it established trade links with another Greek colony, Massalia, now Marseille.
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