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   Who founded the Norman Kingdom of Sicily?

   • …the founding of the Norman kingdom of Sicily in 1130 by Roger II. Palermo became the capital of this kingdom, in which Greeks, Arabs, Jews, and Normans worked together with singular harmony to create a cosmopolitan culture of remarkable vitality. The kingdom of Sicily was Frederick’s first priority.

   Kingdom of Sicily | historical kingdom, Europe | Britannica

   www.britannica.com/place/Kingdom-of-Sicily

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   When did Sicily become a city?

   • In Southern Italy and Sicily, the Normans unified the entire region as the Kingdom of Norman Sicily—which endured from 1130 to 1194—with the city of Palermo as its capital. Under Norman kings Roger II, William I, and William II, Sicily flourished as a multiethnic center.

   Smarthistory – The visual culture of Norman Sicily

   smarthistory.org/norman-sicily/

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   When did Sicily become a kingdom?

   • After its elevation to a Kingdom of Sicily in 1130, Sicily became the centre of Norman power with Palermo as capital. The Kingdom was created on Christmas Day, 1130, by Roger II of Sicily, with the agreement of Pope Innocent II, who united the lands Roger had inherited from his father Roger I of Sicily.

   Norman conquest of southern Italy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_southern_Italy

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   Who inhabited Sicily during the Norman era?

   • After roughly a century of Arab control (following the Saracen defeat of Byzantine forces in 965), Sicily was inhabited by a mix of Christians, Arab Muslims, and Muslim converts at the time of its conquest by the Normans.

   Norman conquest of southern Italy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_southern_Italy

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2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Kingdom_of_SicilyKingdom of Sicily - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Kingdom_of_Sicily

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   Norman kingdom (1130–1198) Roger II, the first King of Sicily. The royal mantle. Scribes of and for the various populations of the Kingdom of Sicily: Greeks, Saracens, Latins. The Norman Kingdom was created on Christmas Day, 1130, by Roger II of Sicily, with the agreement of Pope Innocent II.

   • Demonym(s): Sicilian
   • Religion: Roman Catholicism (official)

   • Government: Feudal monarchy

3. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Norman_conquest_ofNorman conquest of southern Italy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Norman_conquest_of

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   The Norman conquest of southern Italy lasted from 999 to 1194, involving many battles and independent conquerors. In 1130, the territories in southern Italy united as the Kingdom of Sicily, which included the island of Sicily, the southern third of the Italian Peninsula (except Benevento, which was briefly held twice), the archipelago of Malta ...

4. smarthistory.org › norman-sicilySmarthistory – The visual culture of Norman Sicily

   smarthistory.org › norman-sicily

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   Dec 6, 2023 · In Southern Italy and Sicily, the Normans unified the entire region as the Kingdom of Norman Sicily—which endured from 1130 to 1194—with the city of Palermo as its capital. Map of Palermo by Georg Braun and Franz Hogenberg with detail of the Palazzo Normanni (royal palace), 1588 ( David Rumsey Historical Map Collection )

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5. Videos

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     1:11:13

     youtube.com

     Norman Conquest of Sicily - full documentary

     Mar 20, 2020

     207.5K Views

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     21:05

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     Sicily: Multicultural Kingdom of Normans, Greeks and Arabs

     Dec 1, 2020

     337K Views

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     7:54

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     Vikings in Italy: The Norman Kingdom of Sicily

     Feb 9, 2019

     167.1K Views

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6. www.britannica.com › place › Kingdom-of-SicilyKingdom of Sicily | historical kingdom, Europe | Britannica

   www.britannica.com › place › Kingdom-of-Sicily

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   Other articles where Kingdom of Sicily is discussed: Palermo: …the founding of the Norman kingdom of Sicily in 1130 by Roger II. Palermo became the capital of this kingdom, in which Greeks, Arabs, Jews, and Normans worked together with singular harmony to create a cosmopolitan culture of remarkable vitality.

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7. www.normansicily.org › en › resourcesThe Norman Conquest of Southern Italy and Sicily

   www.normansicily.org › en › resources

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   The Normans lost control over the southern shore of the Central Mediterranean. This was the beginning of the end of the Hauteville Dynasty of Sicily and Southern Italy. By losing control of the Mediterranean, they soon begin losing other territories for the future to come.

8. normansicily.org › en › resourcesThe Norman Rulers · The Norman Sicily Project

   normansicily.org › en › resources

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   The Norman Rulers. When people think of Sicily, rarely do they ever think of it as the heartland of a kingdom. Sicily is often seen merely as a part of Italy, leading its rich, unique, and multicultural history to fall by the wayside. Sicily was indeed the center for the formation of a Norman kingdom and a multicultural heartland during the ...

9. www.medievalchronicles.com › medieval-historyNorman Conquest of Sicily (1061-1091): Where Triumph and ...

   www.medievalchronicles.com › medieval-history

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   The Normans. The Norman Conquest of Sicily (1061-1091): A Tale of Triumph and Cultural Fusion. In the annals of history, the Norman Conquest of Sicily stands as a remarkable chapter, intertwining the destinies of two great civilizations – the Normans and the Arabs.