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I. Normative Ethics: Normative ethical theory is the branch of philosophy concerned with formulating and evaluating theories of moral rightness and moral goodness. Such theories attempt to state the features in virtue of which morally right actions are morally right and morally good states of affairs are morally good.
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Dec 1, 2022 · Introduction. Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy that theorizes the content of our moral judgments or, as a limiting case, denies that any such theories are possible (the position of the so-called anti-theorists). While meta-ethics focuses on foundational issues concerning the semantics of moral utterance and how our moral views fit ...
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Dec 10, 2020 · Ethics are the principles guiding one’s moral behavior. Ethics is also the study of these principles – namely, what is good, and which actions are right or wrong. Normative ethics is concerned with what people ideally ought to do (Kagan 1997 ). Typically it is thought that people ought to do the right thing, and ought not to do the wrong thing.
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E. The difference between normative ethics and applied ethics: 1. Normative ethics studies what features make an action right or wrong. Applied ethics attempts to figure out, in actual cases, whether or not certain acts have those features. 2. If we agree that slavery is wrong… but disagree about what makes it wrong…
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- Freedom as a Necessary Condition for Moral Responsibility
- Descriptive Ethics
- Normative Ethics
- Virtue (Aretaic) Ethics
- Duty (Deontological) Theory
- Consequentialist (Teleological) Theory
One of the presupposing conditions that have to be in place in order to discuss the morality of ones ’ actions is that the agent acting is free. Freedom in this sense can be understood in two different ways: internal and external freedom. Internal free-dom means that people are capable of rational thought and are aware of their actions. In other wo...
Descriptive ethics describes the behavior of human beings, their beliefs, and their values. Also, this kind of approach tries to nd answers fi to questions such as: What is the source of morals? What is the nature and status of moral statements? Can morality be rationally established? In short, descriptive ethics deals mostly with what things are. ...
Three great traditions or theories in normative ethics are virtue ethics, duty ethics, and conse-quentialist ethics. What is similar to all three is that they start from the idea that it is possible to establish morality rationally. This approach is called cognitivism, and the attitude is that it is possible to know the truth about the real system ...
The oldest ethical theory posits human excellence or virtue at its center. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle belonged to this tradition. Generally saying, it is with the ancient Greek philosophers that ethics as a philo-sophical discipline started. Socrates is considered to be a founder of philosophical ethics, while...
Deontological theory points out that we are obli-gated to do certain things no matter what. For example, like Immanuel Kant, one of the representatives of this theory would say, we always have to treat another human being as a goal and not as a means to an end. The most important thing is that this theory supposes that some actions are wrong in the...
In the consequentialist ethical tradition, there is disapproves of every action whatsoever, according to the tendency it appears to have to augment or diminish the happiness of the party whose interest is in question: or, what is the same thing in other words, to promote or to oppose that happiness. (Bentham, 1789). ” There are further divisions in...
Abstract. ‘Normative ethics’ is an enormous field. It is concerned with the articulation and the justification of the fundamental principles that govern the issues of how we should live and what we morally ought to do. Its most general concerns are providing an account of moral evaluation and, possibly, articulating a decision procedure to ...
2. Naturalism, Situation Ethics and Value Theory 29 by Joseph Fletcher 3. The Character of Moral Reasoning 39 by Vincent C. Punzo 4. Humanism and Ethics 51 by Howard L. Parsons 5. Moral Agreement Under a Diversity of Values 87 by Peter Caws Part II. Ethics as Objective and Normative
