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Oct 18, 2019 · ACC: Anterior cingulate cortex; Amy: amygdala; DH: dorsal horn of the spinal cord; Hab: habenula; Hyp: hypothalamus; Ins: insular cortex; LC: locus coeruleus; NAc: nucleus accumbens; NRM: nucleus raphe magnus; PAG: periaqueductal gray; RVM: rostral ventral medulla; S1: primary somatosensory cortex; Thal: thalamus.
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The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a subcortical brain structure...
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In this review, we focus on the role that glutamate signal...
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Oct 30, 2023 · The nucleus accumbens in turn sends efferent projections to the midbrain, hypothalamus, amygdala, nuclei of the brainstem, and the globus pallidus. The nucleus accumbens, through these broad connections mediates several of its functions.
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When rewarding stimuli are experienced, the dopaminergic mesolimbic system is activated which causes the release of dopamine to the targeted nuclei ( Small et al. 2003; Cameron et al. 2014 ). The ventral striatum, including the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), is a major substrate involved in reward ( Marche et al. 2017 ).
- 10.1007/978-3-030-81147-1_4
- 2021
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- Role of The Nucleus Accumbens in The ‘Reward Circuit ‘
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- Conditions Associated with The Nucleus Accumbens
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The nucleus accumbens (NAcc) is located in the basal forebrain and is a major structure of the ventral striatum, an area of the brain associated with the limbic system, and regulates limbic functionsof motivation, affect, and reward. There is a NAcc in each cerebral hemisphere, on the left and the right sides, and it is situated between the caudate...
The most widely recognized function of the NAcc is its role in the brain’s reward circuit.The NAcc is a component of a major dopamine pathway of the brain called the mesolimbic pathway. The mesolimbic dopamine pathway is stimulated during rewarding experiences. Essentially, when we do something which is rewarding, such as eating a favorite food or ...
The exact role of the NAcc in the processing of rewards is unclear and believed to be more complex than was originally thought. It is thought that the NAcc is likely involved in learning about rewards, as well as the stimuli that are associated with them. The NAcc also seems to be important in stimulating reward-seeking behaviors and the selection ...
Substance use disorders
Typically, with repeated exposure to a reward, the rewarding feeling will wane. However, with drugs of abuse, the functioning of the reward system can become overwhelming since the effects of these drugs do not wane after repeated exposure. This can be one of the reasons why people develop substance use disorders. Drugs of abuse tend to increase dopamine in the NAcc or change synaptic plasticity, whereas non-abused drugs generally do not affect dopamine in the NAcc or synaptic plasticity. The...
Mood disorders
As the NAcc is involved with cognitive and emotional functions, it may be involved in psychiatric conditions such as mood disorders. Patients with mood disorders have been found to have reduced NAcc activation (Heller et al., 2009). Patients with mood disorders were also found to have reduced NAcc volume in comparison to those without mood disorders (Baumann et al., 1999). A study used deep brain stimulation (a therapy for severe depression that proves resistant to other treatment methods) on...
Anxiety disorders
Due to connections to emotional regions of the brain, specifically the amygdala, the NAcc may be linked to anxiety conditions, which are also thought to be related to emotional regions. It was found that fear memories and anxiety induced by stress appear to be influenced by mechanisms in the NAcc (Du et al., 2019). Deep brain stimulation has been applied to the NAcc of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), an anxiety disorder, resulting in significant improvements of their sympto...
Berns, G. S., McClure, S. M., Pagnoni, G., & Montague, P. R. (2001). Predictability modulates human brain response to reward. Journal of neuroscience, 21(8), 2793-2798. Bewernick, B. H., Hurlemann, R., Matusch, A., Kayser, S., Grubert, C., Hadrysiewicz, B., Axmacher, N., Lemke, M., Cooper-Mahkorn, D., Cohen, M. X., Brockmann, H., Lenartz, D., Sturm...
The nucleus accumbens ( NAc or NAcc; also known as the accumbens nucleus, or formerly as the nucleus accumbens septi, Latin for ' nucleus adjacent to the septum ') is a region in the basal forebrain rostral to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus. [1] . The nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle collectively form the ventral striatum.
Jan 3, 2015 · A primary tenet of this review is that, rather than serving as a "reward" center, the NAc plays a key role in action selection, integrating cognitive and affective information processed by frontal and temporal lobe regions to augment the efficiency and vigor of appetitively or aversively motivated behaviors. Its involvement in these functions ...
