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The occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union during World War II (1939–1945) began with the Invasion of Poland in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945.
t. e. The history of Poland from 1939 to 1945 encompasses primarily the period from the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union to the end of World War II. Following the German–Soviet non-aggression pact, Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany on 1 September 1939 and by the Soviet Union on 17 September.
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The occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union during World War II (1939–1945) began with the Invasion of Poland in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945.
- August
- September
- October
17 August
1. Following German advances that started in early 1939, Soviet Foreign Commissar Vyacheslav Molotov, after the failure to find a diplomatic agreement with the Allies, agrees to specific diplomatic talks with the Germans.: 78
21 August
1. Joachim von Ribbentrop, the foreign minister of Germany, arrives in Moscow for negotiations.: 78
23 August
1. Following intense German-Soviet negotiations, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact is finalized (to be publicized on 24 August). The two powers agree to a broad economic exchange and to mutual military non-aggression. In a secret additional protocol, the two powers approve of each other's expansionist ambitions in Central Eastern Europe. Poland is divided (along the line of the San, Vistula and Narew rivers) into a German and Soviet sphere of influence.: 78f.
1 September
1. Around 04:30, Stukas of III./KG1 attack Polish positions at Tczew bridge in the unsuccessful attempt to preempt the demolition of the bridge by Polish forces.: 107 2. At 04:45, Schleswig-Holstein opens fire against the Polish defenders at Westerplatte, beginning the Battle of Westerplatte.: 82 3. Luftwaffe forces undertake the Bombing of Wieluń.: 389 4. At 05:00, 50,000 Slovak soldiers cross the Polish border, beginning the Slovak invasion of Poland. 5. German 3rd Army advances with its le...
2 September
1. German naval forces under Günter Lütjens exchange fire with Wicher, Gryf and Polish coastal batteries; Leberecht Maaß (Ger.) damaged, Wilk (Pol.) damaged by bombs, Mazur (Pol.) sunk by Stukas of the 1st Air Division.: 12 2. German 3rd Army regroups after surprising Polish resistance in the northern sector (during the Battle of Mlawa); Panzer Division Kempf assigned to Wodrig Corps to shift the gravity of attack.: 113 3. XXI Corps (3rd Army) fights off a Polish counterattack towards Grudzią...
3 September
1. During the withdrawal of Polish troops from Bydgoszcz, local Germans opened fire on Polish soldiers and civilians, forcing them into a defensive battle in which several hundred people were killed on both sides. The event was referred to as the Bloody Sunday by the propaganda of Nazi Germany, with number of German victims upped to 58,000 by German propagandists.: 26 2. Bombing of Skierniewice by the Luftwaffebegins. 3. German troops perpetrated massacres in Albertów, Imielin, Jankowice, Kob...
1 October
1. Around 02:00 at night, a Polish vanguard of the Border Protection Corps meets a column of Soviet tanks near Wytyczno and destroys four of them. As the BPC crosses the Bug river south of Włodawa to catch up with Independent Operational Group Polesie forces, a Soviet counterattack ("Battle of Wytyczno") commences in the early morning. General Wilhelm Orlik-Rückemann decides to break up his force into small units and send them into various directions. Several massacres are subsequently commit...
2 October
1. Command of the Defenders of Poland (Komenda Obrońców Polski) Polish resistance organization founded in Warsaw.
3 October
1. Gerd von Rundstedt becomes military commander in German-occupied Poland.: 118
Prelude. In early 1939, several months before the invasion, the Soviet Union began strategic alliance negotiations with the United Kingdom and France against the crash militarization of Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler. Joseph Stalin pursued the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact with Adolf Hitler, which was signed on 23 August 1939.
- 17 September – 6 October 1939
- Poland
- Soviet victory
The Polish Underground State (Polish: Polskie Państwo Podziemne, also known as the Polish Secret State) was a single political and military entity formed by the union of resistance organizations in occupied Poland that were loyal to the Government of the Republic of Poland in exile in London.
The history of Poland from 1945 to 1989 spans the period of Marxist–Leninist regime in Poland after the end of World War II. These years, while featuring general industrialization, urbanization and many improvements in the standard of living, [a1] were marred by early Stalinist repressions, social unrest, political strife and severe economic ...