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PH, quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity of aqueous or other liquid solutions. The term, widely used in chemistry, biology, and agronomy, translates the values of the concentration of the hydrogen ion into numbers between 0 and 14. Learn more about pH.
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The equation for calculating pHwas proposed in 1909 by Danish biochemist Søren Peter Lauritz Sørensen: pH = -log[H+] where log is the base-10 logarithm and [H+] stands for the hydrogen ion concentration in units of moles per liter solution. The term "pH" comes from the German word "potenz," which means "power," combined with H, the element symbol f...
We work with many acids (low pH) and bases (high pH) every day. Examples of pH values of lab chemicals and household products include: 0: hydrochloric acid 2.0: lemon juice 2.2: vinegar 4.0: wine 7.0: pure water (neutral) 7.4: human blood 13.0: lye 14.0: sodium hydroxide
pH only has meaning in an aqueous solution (in water). Many chemicals, including liquids, do not have pH values. If there's no water, there's no pH. For example, there is no pH value for vegetable oil, gasoline, or pure alcohol.
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has a slightly different pH scale that is based on electrochemical measurements of a standard buffer solution. Essentially, the definition uses the equation: pH = -log aH+ where aH+stands for hydrogen activity, which is the effective concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. This mig...
Rough pH measurements can be made using litmus paperor another type of pH paper known to change colors around a certain pH value. Most indicators and pH papers are useful only to tell whether a substance is an acid or a base or to identify pH within a narrow range. A universal indicator is a mixture of indicator solutions intended to provide a colo...
pH is used in everyday life as well as science and industry. It's used in cooking (e.g., reacting baking powder and an acid to make baked goods rise), to design cocktails, in cleaners, and in food preservation. It's important in pool maintenance and water purification, agriculture, medicine, chemistry, engineering, oceanography, biology, and other ...
In chemistry, pH (/ p iː ˈ eɪ tʃ / pee-AYCH), also referred to as acidity or basicity, historically denotes "potential of hydrogen" (or "power of hydrogen"). It is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions .
pH may be seen as an abbreviation of the power of hydrogen-or, more fully, the concentration of hydrogen ion in a liquid. Mathematical definition of pH is a little less intuitive but more useful in general. It states that the pH equals the negative logarithmic value of the concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) pH = -log [H+]
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- What is pH scale in chemistry?The pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions, the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The pH-scale is normally between 0 and 14. Aque...
- What is the best pH for the human body?For our blood and body tissues the optimum pH is about 7.2. (The use of saliva and urine test strips will show a much lower pH level due to the pro...
- What is pH full form?PH stands for Hydrogen potentials. It refers to the concentration of the hydrogen ions in a solution. This is the indicator of a solution’s acidity...
- Is pH of water important?PH is a function of the acid / basic water content. Water with more free hydrogen ions is acidic and water with more free hydroxyl ions is basic. B...
- What happens if your pH is too high?An increase in alkaline causes a rise in pH levels. When the acid levels are too high in the blood, it’s called acidosis. This is called alkalosis...
- What causes high pH in water?The cause of the unbalanced pH is the soil, bedrock, or other underlying composition from which the water source comes. High alkaline water is a co...
- What is the pH of blood?Humans have a typical pH range from 7.35 to 7.45. That means blood is of course very alkaline or normal. Your stomach acid, by contrast, has a pH o...
- Who discovered the pH?Exactly 100 years ago, Carlsberg ‘s director of chemistry, Søren Sørensen, developed a vital diagnostic tool for measuring acidity, thus helping to...
Apr 20, 2023 · The letters pH stand for the "power of the hydrogen ion" and was originally defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, as shown in Equation 15.7.1 15.7. 1 (read about Logarithmic Scales below): pH = − log[H+] (15.7.1) (15.7.1) p H = − log. .
The pH scale is a negative logarithmic scale. The logarithmic part means that pH changes by 1 unit for every factor of 10 change in concentration of H + . The negative sign in front of the log tells us that there is an inverse relationship between pH and [ H +] : when pH increases, [ H +] decreases, and vice versa.
The pH scale is often said to range from 0 to 14, and most solutions do fall within this range, although it’s possible to get a pH below 0 or above 14. Anything below 7.0 is acidic, and anything above 7.0 is alkaline, or basic.
