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Genes encode proteins, and the instructions for making proteins are decoded in two steps: first, a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is produced through the transcription of DNA, and next, the mRNA ...
- Main Difference – DNA vs mRNA
- What Is DNA
- What Is mRNA
- Similarities Between DNA and mRNA
- Difference Between DNA and mRNA
DNA and mRNA are the two types of most abundant nucleic acids in the cells. Both DNA and mRNA are made up of nucleotides. DNA is the genetic material of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It is self-replicative and a new DNA is produced during DNA replication. A gene is a region (locus) or a specific nucleotide sequence on the DNA strand. mRNA is pro...
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) refers to a self-replicative molecule, present in all living organisms, carrying the genetic information. Therefore, DNA is the genetic material of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, DNA is found in the nucleoid of the cytoplasm. A small amount of DNA occurs as plasmids. However, in eukaryotes, DNA is insid...
The mRNA (messenger RNA) refers to a subtype of RNA, which is created by transcription and determines the amino acid sequence of a protein. Therefore, it is a transcript of a gene. In eukaryotes, mRNA is produced inside the nucleus and is transported to the cytoplasm. The enzyme responsible for the synthesis of mRNA during transcription is RNA poly...
Both DNA and mRNA are made up of nucleotides.DNA and mRNA are the most abundant nucleic acids in a cell.Both DNA and mRNA are involved in the production of a functional protein.Both DNA and mRNA shows complementary base pairing.Definition
DNA: DNA is a self-replicative molecule present in all living organisms, carrying the genetic information. mRNA:mRNA is a subtype of RNA, which is created by transcription and determines the amino acid sequence of a protein.
Name
DNA: DNA refers to deoxyribonucleic acid. mRNA: The mRNA refers to messenger RNA.
Nucleotides
DNA: DNA is made up of DNA nucleotides; adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). mRNA:The mRNA is made up of RNA nucleotides; adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and uracil (U).
Transcription. A gene is a sequence of nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule that codes for the production of a specific sequence of amino acids, that in turn make up a specific polypeptide ( protein) This process of protein synthesis occurs in two stages: Transcription – DNA is transcribed and an mRNA molecule is produced.
People also ask
How does a double helix synthesis a new strand?
How mRNA is translated into a protein molecule?
How mRNA molecule leaves the nucleus?
How does RNA polymerase produce mRNA?
During this process, the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into RNA. Before transcription can take place, the DNA double helix must unwind near the gene that is getting transcribed. The region of opened-up DNA is called a transcription bubble. Transcription uses one of the two exposed DNA strands as a template; this strand is called the template ...
- What is the benefit of the coding strand if it doesn't get transcribed and only the template strand ...Having 2 strands is essential in the DNA replication process, where both strands act as a template in creating a copy of the DNA and repairing dama...
- During DNA replication ,DNA ligase enzyme is used alongwith DNA polymerase enzyme so during transcri...*Great question*! Not during normal transcription, but in case RNA has to be modified, e.g. bacteriophage, there is T4 RNA ligase (Prokaryotic enzy...
- Why does RNA have the base uracil instead of thymine?To add to the above answer, uracil is also less stable than thymine. RNA molecules are constantly being taken apart and put together in a cell, and...
- i heard ATP is necessary for transcription. Which process does it go in and where? (initiation, elon...ATP is need at point where transcription facters get attached with promoter region of DNA , addition of nucleotides also need energy durring elonga...
- What about termination in eukaryotes?Termination in eukaryotes is much more complex and varies depending on the gene and organism. But generally, as mentioned in the article, a polyade...
- so there are many promoter regions in a DNA, which means how RNA Polymerase know which promoter to s...This is a good question, but far too complex to answer here. In fact, this is an area of active research and so a complete answer is still being wo...
- Concerning Rho-independent termination, why does the RNA fold back onto itself after reaching the C-...If you had, say, a paper clip, and you stretched it out so the wire was straight, and then hold it by one end and press it into a wall, what would...
- Do promoters and terminators get copied into the new transcript? Are they are part of the new RNA tr...Promoters and terminators do not get copied into the new transcript. The promoter is there to tell the RNA to "get ready" and signal the start of t...
- According to my notes from my biochemistry class, they say that the rho factor binds to the c-rich r...The article says that in Rho-independent termination, RNA polymerase stumbles upon rich C region which causes mRNA to fold on itself (to connect C...
DNA primase forms an RNA primer, and DNA polymerase extends the DNA strand from the RNA primer. DNA synthesis occurs only in the 5' to 3' direction. On the leading strand, DNA synthesis occurs continuously. On the lagging strand, DNA synthesis restarts many times as the helix unwinds, resulting in many short fragments called “Okazaki ...
- Is topoisomerase same as DNA gyrase ?DNA Gyrase is a topoisomerase. There are several kinds
- In the last section "DNA replication in Eukaryotes" it says that in eukaryote cells a little DNA at ...At the ends of DNA strands there is a section non-coding nucleotides that we call a telomere. The telomere is what gets shorter every time a cell d...
- How are the histone proteins taken care of during eukaryotic DNA replication?The DNA is first unwound at origins of replication and the displaced histone proteins move onto to other parts of the DNA that haven't been unwound...
- The part of the article that deals with the Okazaki-fragments states that: "DNA polymerase I and DNA...Yep, that was a typo! I've fixed it now and it should be corrected on the site shortly. Thanks for noticing!
- "Many DNA have proofreading activity" mentions : "In most cases, the correct nucleotide is indeed ad...The key word is the "usually." The reaction won't occur with a mis-paired base in most cases. However, about 1 in 10^5 base pairs will involve an i...
- Why are the DNA polymerases numbered here? (I/II/III) I though that Eu-k were named by alpha beta de...Prokaryotes have DNA polymerases I, II, III, eukaryotes have alpha, delta, epsilon and such.
- In the paragraph 'DNA polymerases' it says that polymerase II has a DNA repair function, but in 'Man...Great question! Yes, DNA polymerase II is involved in repair of damage that occurs outside the context of DNA replication, such as cross-links betw...
- 'A DNA molecule “unzips” as the hydrogen bonds between bases are broken, separating the two strands....Helicase enzyme. It binds at replication initiation site and moves along DNA, in front of polymerase III, opening replication fork.
- Genome refers to the haploid content of DNA in a cell, so how can it consist of 3 billion base PAIRS...Most DNA exists as a double-stranded DNA in a double helix — the strands are held together by base pairs and we usually think of this as a single m...
- What direction does DNA synthesis happen? 5' to 3' or opposite? Also, what direction is leading and ...I found this on Nature.com: “DNA is always synthesized in the 5'-to-3' direction, meaning that nucleotides are added only to the 3' end of the grow...
Instructions for making proteins with the correct sequence of amino acids are encoded in DNA. Figure 6.4.1 6.4. 1: Transcription and translation (Protein synthesis) in a cell. DNA is found in chromosomes. In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes always remain in the nucleus, but proteins are made at ribosomes in the cytoplasm or on the rough ...
Jul 18, 2020 · Definition. Protein synthesis is process in which polypeptide chains are formed from coded combinations of single amino acids inside the cell. The synthesis of new polypeptides requires a coded sequence, enzymes, and messenger, ribosomal, and transfer ribonucleic acids (RNAs). Protein synthesis takes place within the nucleus and ribosomes of a ...
