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The Glycolytic pathway describes the oxidation of glucose to pyruvate with the generation of ATP and NADH. It is also called as the Embden-Meyerhof Pathway. Glycolysis is a universal pathway; present in all organisms: from yeast to mammals. In eukaryotes, glycolysis takes place in the cytosol. Glycolysis is anaerobic; it does not require oxygen.
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OCR, A Level, Chemistry A, Topic Exploration Pack, Reaction pathways Created Date: 20170207082346Z ...
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- Phosphofructokinase
- Aldolase
- Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- Phosphoglycerate kinase
phosphoryl group transfer - second ATP investment one pathway rate-determining reaction regulated enzyme
retro aldol condensation Uni Bi kinetics stereospecificity two mechanistic classes: Class I - Schiff base formation-enamine stabilization Class II - Divalent cation stabilization of enolate
aldehyde oxidation drives acyl-phosphate synthesis - first high-energy intermediate NAD+ reduction nucleophilic SH group forms thioester bond
phosphoryl transfer - first ATP generation sequential kinetic mechanism two-domain enzyme (catalysis by proximity effects) driving force of reaction is phosphoryl group transfer
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thesis of 1-phenylcyclohexylamine. The compound prepared by the alternate route (method F) was identi- cal in all respects with the one obtained prepared from Method F aC6"I NCO - CxCeH5 "2 VI phenylcyclohexene. Recently, Cristol, et ul., re- ported the isolation of the amine as its benzoyl deriva- tive via a modified Ritter reaction.
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Alkylation is an efficient method for the synthesis of 3 o and 4 o amines. However, when 1 o and 2 o amines are alkylated a mixture of products is typically produced. When ammonia is reacted with an alkylhalide an monoalkylammonium salt is formed. RX + NH 3 → RNH 3+ + X -.
Chapter 20 Worksheet – Amines Self-paced to be used with the textbook. Name: Study Partners. Categories of amines sound the same as for alcohols or alkyl halide, but they are done differently. See the below for the categories. 1° amine 2° amine 3° amine 4° ammonium ion (pronounced: quaternary) R NH2. R NH.
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Revision notes on 7.8.2 Multi-step Synthetic Routes for the CIE A Level Chemistry syllabus, written by the Chemistry experts at Save My Exams.
