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- Laplace formulated Laplace's equation, and pioneered the Laplace transform which appears in many branches of mathematical physics, a field that he took a leading role in forming. The Laplacian differential operator, widely used in mathematics, is also named after him.
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Who was Pierre-Simon Laplace?
His contributions to celestial mechanics, probability theory, and mathematical physics laid the foundation for many of the scientific advancements of the modern era. Laplace’s legacy continues to inspire and influence mathematicians and scientists around the world, making him one of the most important figures in the history of mathematics ...
Mar 21, 2024 · Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace, French mathematician, astronomer, and physicist who was best known for his investigations into the stability of the solar system. He successfully accounted for all the observed deviations of the planets from their theoretical orbits.
Mar 23, 2012 · Pierre-Simon Laplace proved the stability of the solar system. In analysis Laplace introduced the potential function and Laplace coefficients. He also put the theory of mathematical probability on a sound footing.
Pierre-Simon, Marquis de Laplace (/ l ə ˈ p l ɑː s /; French: [pjɛʁ simɔ̃ laplas]; 23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was a French scholar and polymath whose work was important to the development of engineering, mathematics, statistics, physics, astronomy, and philosophy.
- École Militaire (1769–1776)
- Summary.
- Introduction
- Scientific Work in General
- Philosophy of Probability
- Analytic Methods of Probability Theory
- Bayesian Methods and Population Statistics
- Central Limit Theorem, Asymptotic Error Theory
- Probability and Moral Sciences
- Impact of Laplacian Probability
- References
Pierre-Simon Laplace was the mostprominent exponent of 19thcentury probability theory. His major probabilistic work, the Théorie analytique des probabilitésconsiderably influenced thedevelopment of mathematical probability and statistics right to thebeginning of the 20th century.
Pierre-Simon Laplace was born in Beaumont-en-Auge(Normandy). His parents, Pierre and Marie-Anne, née Sochon,lived in comfortable bourgeois circumstances. Laplace's scientificcareer evolved in a period of political upheaval, but it continuedto flourish in all political systems (1789 French Revolution, 1799Napoleon's seizure of power, 1815 reestablis...
Laplace contributed numerous articles to optics, acoustics, heatand capillarity. In his purely mathematical papers, he dealt mainlywith difference and differential equations. The focal points ofLaplace's scientific activities were theoretical astronomy andprobability theory, which contained, according to Laplace'sapproach, also those parts today co...
Laplace held the view that man, in contrast to the "demon", wascapable of achieving only partial knowledge about the causes andlaws which regulate the processes of the cosmos, but he maintainedthat probability theory was a means to overcome this defiency. Inaccordance with this concept, Laplace put special emphasis onsubjective probabilities depend...
Laplace considered his form of probability theory, as described inthe Théorie analytique, important not only because of itsuniversal applicability but also because of its innovativeanalytical methods. Actually, no probabilist before Laplace wasable to offer results which could have been compared with theanalytical content of the ones presented by L...
A considerable part of Laplace's contributions, which would beconsidered today as belonging to "mathematical statistics", wasbased on inverse probabilities. By this method, the a posterioriprobability of a certain hypothesis could be calculated from theresults of random experiments, usually under the tacit assumptionof an a priori equiprobability o...
Laplace's main probabilistic result was a fairly general centrallimit theorem, which was obtained around 1810. This theorem assuresan approximate normal distribution for practically all sums ofindependent random variables in nature and society, if only thenumber of the summands is large. This result, although it wasnowhere explicitly formulated, bu...
In continuation of the work of Condorcet, Laplace reflected on thefield of erroneous human decisions, such as testimonies orverdicts, within the framework of urn models. In view of theoversimplified models Laplace expressed certain reservations, buthe emphasized at the same time the advantages of probabilistic"estimations". In the first supplement ...
To the end of the 19th century, Laplace's Théorieanalytiqueremained the most influential book of mathematicalprobability theory, which was considered less a part of mathematicsin the narrower sense, but a discipline of "mathesis mixta".Reduced as it was by a major field of application of the classicaltheory, the moral sciences, and augmented only b...
Reprinted with permission fromChristopher Charles Heyde and Eugene William Seneta (Editors),Statisticians of the Centuries, Springer-Verlag Inc., New York, USA.
Laplace's Contributions to Pure Mathematics By A. W. RICHESON Pierre Simon Laplace was born in Normandy, France, in 1749 and died in 1827. Very little is known of his youth, since in after life he re-fused to speak of his childhood days. At eighteen through the aid of D'Alambert he secured a position as professor of mathematics at the
Pierre-Simon Laplace was a prominent French mathematical physicist and astronomer of the 19th century, who made crucial contributions in the arena of planetary motion by applying Sir Isaac Newton's theory of gravitation to the entire solar system.
