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In the summer of 1717, Prince Eugene of Savoy moved to crush the final bastion of his Ottoman Turk enemies—Belgrade. “Either I will take Belgrade, or the Turks will take me,” he said. By Ludwig Heinrich Dyck
- Despite Being One of France’s Greatest Foes, He Was Actually Born There
- He Signed His Name in Three Languages
- He commanded A Regiment at Age 20; Was A Field Marshal at 30
- He Once Captured Part of A Sultan’s Harem
- He Saved Europe with One Split-Second Decision
- He Was Often Found in The Thick of The Action
- He Fought in The 18Thcentury’S Bloodiest Battle
- His Personal Life Remains Shrouded
- His Campaigns Helped Bring The Vampire Legend to Western Europe
- He Taught Frederick The Great
Eugen’s parents,Olympia MazarinandEugene Maurice of Savoy-Carignan, were of Italian descent, his father being of royal blood there, but they lived in Paris as part of “Sun King”Louis XIV’s court. In fact, Eugen was born there in 1663. He first applied to Louis for a commission in that country’s army, but the French monarch refused. Angered by this,...
Although an Austrian general, Eugen could barely speak German and couldn’t write the language; French and Italian were more to his liking. Whenever signing a report or an official dispatch that his secretaries had prepared in German, he would leave his mark: “Eugenio (Italian) von (German) Savoye (French).”
Eugen’s first taste of warfare came at theTurkish siege of Vienna in 1683. The battle saw the overthrow of a vast Ottoman army bent on conquering Austria and then Europe. Eugen fought as a subaltern, but performed his duties with such courage that Leopold awarded him command of theKufstein Regiment of Dragoons. As his talents became ever more appar...
Eugen scored his first great success as a military leader at theBattle of Zentaon Sept. 11, 1697. During the one-day clash in what is now Serbia, the young commander famously caught Sultan Mustafa II’s army as it was attempting to cross the River Tisza. To pull off the feat, Eugen daringly split his 30,000-man army into two smaller forces and, usin...
At theBattle of Blenheimduring theWar of Spanish Successionon Aug. 13, 1704, Eugen faced one of his most intimidating challenges. The contest decided the fate of Europe in an afternoon. In control of both France and Spain, Louis XIV hoped to subdue Austria with a thrust through allied Bavaria. Two French armies waited along the Danube at Blenheim f...
Eugen, like Marlborough, led from the front. At Blenheim, he reportedly shot two of his own wavering soldiers to stiffen the resolve of his troops. In fact, so close to the action was the general, one observer deemed it almost a miracle that Eugen survived at all. He very well might not have if one of his men had not run through an enemy dragoon wh...
After Blenheim, Eugen saved his relative the Prince of Savoy by relieving Turin from aFrench siegein 1706. The victory left Austria as the dominant power in Italy for more than a century. Together, he and Marlborough recovered from a French surprise maneuver and almost ended the War of Spanish Succession in an afternoon atOudenaardein 1708. The fol...
Eugen, who remained single his entire life, was called by many “a Mars without a Venus.” He had a close attachment to Countess Batthyany, which sparked rumors. Eugen’s personal life, however, remains extremely obscure to us as he left so little writing about it behind. Two interests of his he made no attempt to conceal were architecture and fine ar...
Eugen’s last great successes came against the Turks, whose vast armies he defeated atPeterwardeinin 1716 andBelgradein 1717 in Serbia. For a time, the land became an Austrian possession. Here, 15 years later, villagers in Medvegia reported strange deaths and illnesses that they linked to another villager namedArnold Paole. He had died from a fall t...
Frederick, as Crown Prince of Prussia, served under Eugen in theWar of Polish Succession(1733-1735), where the Austrian general mentored the future ruler. Eugen had also played a role in dissuading Frederick’s father from executing him after he had tried to flee Prussia. Ungratefully, Frederick turned the lessons he had learned against Austria when...
Sep 15, 2023 · A Prince’s Early Struggles. Eugene was born in the bustling heart of Paris in 1663, cradled within the walls of the opulent House of Savoy. His birthright promised him privilege and power, yet ...
Apr 20, 2024 · Eugene of Savoy (born Oct. 18, 1663, Paris, France—died April 24, 1736, Vienna, Austria) was a field marshal and statesman of the Carignan line of the House of Savoy, who, in the service of the Austrian Holy Roman emperor, made his name as one of the greatest soldiers of his generation.
by Ludwig Heinrich Dyck. Thousands of dead Turkish soldiers choked the river and littered its bank. It was the fall of 1697 and the young Imperial Field Marshall, Prince Eugene of Savoy, had just vanquished the Ottoman army at Zenta (or Senta), on Hungary’s River Tiza.
Below is the article summary. For the full article, see Eugene of Savoy . Eugene of Savoy, orig. François-Eugène, prince de Savoie-Carignan, (born Oct. 18, 1663, Paris, France—died April 24, 1736, Vienna, Austria), French-Austrian general.
Aug 22, 2023 · DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780199791279-0238. Introduction. Prince Eugene of Savoy (b. 1663–d. 1736) was a military commander, administrator, and diplomat in the service of the Austrian Habsburg emperors. He descended from a cadet branch of the Italian Dukes of Savoy known as Savoy-Carignan.
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