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1. Top results related to programming software meaning in computer examples

   • Meaning of -1 in Programming

     Top Answer

     Answered Jun 12, 2013 · 7 votes

     in C# -1 is just negative one. They're comparing a number against a number, seeing if it is indeed equal to negative one.

     It's not uncommon to have an integer field that should only have positive values (for example, when representing an index in a list) and in such cases -1 is sometimes used to represent "not a valid value", for example, there is no item, and hence no index. They use -1 because an int is not nullable; they cannot assign null.

     In theory this is probably a bad practice; it's using a "magic value" to mean something more than it really should. Ideally if "there is not valid" is a valid thing for the variable to represent it should be a nullable integer (int? or Nullable<int>) but this is an old convention (carried over from other languages without a feature for nullable ints) so it's hard to eliminate entirely.

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   • Meaning of term transparency in software engineering

     Top Answer

     Answered May 09, 2017 · 3 votes

     This generally means that it is invisible to the user. The user can use the application, and not know that a feature exists.

     So, for caching to be "transparent", the application should not know that a caching layer exists. This is most easily exemplified by the opposite, in that a non-transparent caching layer would require the application invoke methods to check/expire caches.

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   • programming an accounting software in visual basic

     Top Answer

     Answered Mar 30, 2013 · 2 votes

     I myself started off with Vb6 a few lightyears back.Golden old days. Over the past years though, like almost everyone else, we have moved to vb.net and now c#. If you are a beginner, sure you can still start with vb6, it is simple, easy to learn and then you can move on to more current technologies. However, in my opinion it will be better to start with either vb.net or c# directly. The reason being that most of the people are using these now, and lots of help is available. Whether you are looking for a job, or settingup your own company, vb.net ( and actually c# - they are verrrrry similar) would be a much better investment of time.

     Rather than buying abook, you can also start with vb6 tutorials... see this link for absolute beginners http://www.vb6.us/guides/visual-basic-6-beginners-guide

     Wrox's books are pretty comprehensive, and yet beginner friendly. I'll provide you a link to the UK amazon for vb6 if you still want to go vb6 way, if you are not in the UK , you can search for it at a local bookstore/amazon

     http://www.amazon.co.uk/Beginning-Visual-Basic-beginning-guides/dp/1861001053/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1364635699&sr=8-3

     and as I said, why go vb6 way, when you will eventually end up using vb.net ( or c#). First get the free express edition of vb.net from microsoft here http://go.microsoft.com/?linkid=9816758 then this is a link to some great beginner tutorials for vb.net. get coding!!! http://howtostartprogramming.com/vb-net/

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   • Meaning of "Consistent state" in C programming

     Top Answer

     Answered May 21, 2017 · 0 votes

     The wording does not sound familiar to me, but perhaps that was the professor's intention. I think that he means that the variables have been initialised. But he could also mean that in e.g. a multithreaded context, the variables are set while holding a mutex. Or that the variables are not volatile. Without more context, it is hard to guess what he meant.

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   • meaning of parenthesis in R programming under levels

     Top Answer

     Answered Mar 13, 2019 · 0 votes

     When an open parenthesis ( comes after a name, R will treat whatever comes before the parentheses as a function and pass whatever is inside the parentheses to that function as arguments.

     I start with this because functions are evaluated with high priority, so "What is the meaning of (l1)[l1]

     " is the wrong question, levels(l1) happens first, then [l1] happens to the result of levels(l1).

     For example:

     log(1:3)-

     Calls the function log() on the vector 1, 2, 3.

     log(c(1, 5, 7))-

     Calls the function c() on 1, 5, 7 to create the vector 1, 5, 7, then calls the function log() on the vector 1, 5, 7.

     log(c(1, 5, 7))[2]-

     Calls the functions c() and then log() as described above, and then calls the function [ on the result, extracting the 2nd element of the result of log().

     factor( c( levels(l1)[l1], levels(l2)[l2] ) ) # some spaces added for clarity-

     • Calls the function levels() on the l1 object subsets the result with [, based on the values in l1
     • Calls the function levels() on the l2 object subsets the result with [, based on the values in l2
     • Calls c() on the results mentioned above
     • Calls factor() on the result of c()

     What is levels(l1)[l1] doing? As far as I can tell, this is a confusing way to get the same result as as.character(l1):

     set.seed(47) # for reproducibilityl1 = factor(sample(letters, size = 10, replace = TRUE))l2 = factor(sample(letters, size = 10, replace = TRUE))l1# [1] z j t v o r k m o y# Levels: j k m o r t v y zlevels(l1)# [1] "j" "k" "m" "o" "r" "t" "v" "y" "z"levels(l1)[l1]# [1] "z" "j" "t" "v" "o" "r" "k" "m" "o" "y"identical(as.character(l1), levels(l1)[l1])# [1] TRUE

     So, overall, I think the goal of factor(c(levels(l1)[l1], levels(l2)[l2])) is to concatenate the vectors l1 and l2, with a factor as the result. I think a clearer way to do this is

     factor(c(as.character(l1), as.character(l2)))# [1] z j t v o r k m o y d s e p n x k a b m# Levels: a b d e j k m n o p r s t v x y z

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3. www.techtarget.com › definition › softwareWhat is Software? Definition, Types and Examples - TechTarget

   www.techtarget.com › definition › software

   Computer programmers use programming software to write code. Programming software and programming tools enable developers to develop, write, test and debug other software programs. Examples of programming software include assemblers, compilers, debuggers and interpreters.

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4. www.geeksforgeeks.org › software-and-its-typesWhat is Software? Definition, Types, Examples, and More

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   • What Is A Software?
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   • Difference Between System Software and Application Software

   In a computer system, the software is basically a set of instructions or commands that tell a computer what to do. In other words, the software is a computer program that provides a set of instructions to execute a user’s commands and tell the computer what to do. For example like MS-Word, MS-Excel, PowerPoint, etc.

   See full list on geeksforgeeks.org

   It is a collection of data that is given to the computer to complete a particular task. The chart below describes the types of software: Above is the diagram of types of software. Now we will briefly describe each type and its subtypes: 1. System Software 1.1. Operating System 1.2. Language Processor 1.3. Device Driver 2. Application Software 2.1. ...

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   Software that performs special functions or provides functions that are much more than the basic operation of the computer is known as application software. Or in other words, application software is designed to perform a specific task for end-users. It is a product or a program that is designed only to fulfill end-users’ requirements. It includes ...

   See full list on geeksforgeeks.org

   Now, let us discuss some difference between system software and application software: For more Information you can refer to this article on – Difference between System Software and Application Software.

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5. www.simplilearn.com › tutorials › programmingWhat is Software? Definition, Types, and Examples | Simplilearn

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   Jul 24, 2023 · Definition, Types, and Examples. By Simplilearn. Share This Article: Last updated on Jul 24, 2023 45494. The software can be best defined as a set of instructions, technically referred to as programs, that perform operations and specific tasks based on the commands of the user.

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   Oct 8, 2021 · Definition of programming. A computer program consists of code that is executed on a computer to perform particular tasks. This code is written by programmers. Programming is the process of giving machines a set of instructions that describe how a program should be carried out.

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10. study.com › computer-software-examples-typesComputer Software | Definition, Types & Examples - Lesson ...

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