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In this 5-minute Vitex Talks white board video, we’ll explain the pros and cons of Forward Error Correction (and detection) in data center and telecom networking. Improving bit error rate using FEC (forward error correction) in optical networking and wireless communication can be confusing.
Aug 21, 2000 · Called forward error correction (FEC), this design technology has been used for years to enable efficient, high-quality data communication over noisy channels, such as those found in...
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Feb 1, 2023 · 5. 158 views 10 months ago #errorcorrection #FEC #fiberoptics. In this 5-minute Vitex Talks white board video, we’ll explain the pros and cons of Forward Error Correction (and detection)...
- 8 min
- 276
- Vitex Tech
- Repetition Codes / Duplicate Data
- Parity Bits
- Hamming Code
- Reed-Solomon Code
- Capacity-Approaching Codes
The most basic forrm of error correction is to send the data multiple times, say three times, and take the majority bit value for each bit.This allows up to one bit to be flipped or up to two bits to be missing and still allow for the error to be detected and corrected. Pros: 1. Simple to understand and implement. Cons: 1. Not very space efficient....
Similar to a single parity bit except 1) multiple parity bits are used and 2) the data is divided in half and each bit in each half is XORed against each other to produce the parity bits.This allows error detection if one (or three) out of the three corresponding bits are flipped and recovery if the corrupted bit is known (ex: an erasure when one d...
Wikipedia An “perfect”, as in minimal distance, code word count, and code word length, binary block code which can detect up to two bit errors, without correction, and correct up to one bit error (d = 3).While the message and block size are configurable they are only at discrete, and not continuous, sizes. (m = 2r - 1 - r and n = 2r - 1 where r rep...
WikipediaVivint - Introduction to Reed-Solomon A family of maximally distant block codes with a configurable distance of d = n - k + 1. In the original form each letter in the message is mapped onto each coefficient in a polynomial function of degree < k.Example: p(x) = A + Bx + Cx^2 + Dx^3 + ... where A = message, B = message, ....And to obtain th...
Turbo Codes
Wikipedia A class of soft decision (probabilistic) codes which are near the channel capacity.Two equally sized but different sets of parity bits are produced by two encoders and sent alongside the message data.Two decoders decode the two sets of parity bits, each working together in an iterative fashion until both agree on the value and likelihood for each message bit. Used in 3G, 4G, and satellite communications. Pros: 1. Near channel capacity. 2. Performs better than LDPC at lower code rate...
Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) Codes
Wikipedia A class of codes which are near the channel capacity with linear decoding time.The encoded data is composed of the message bits and parity bits.Finding an optimal LDPC code is not practical (NP-complete) but heuristics or other approaches are able to produce high performance ones. Used in 802.11n, 10GBASE-T, DOCSIS 3.1, … Pros: 1. Near channel capacity. 2. Linear time decoding WRT n. 3. Better “error floor and performance” than turbo codes when using higher code rates. 4. Decoding c...
Apr 4, 2019 · FEC is an effective digital signal processing method that improves the bit error rate of communication links by adding redundant information (parity bits) to the data at the transmitter side so that the receiver side then uses the redundant information to detect and correct errors that may have been introduced in the transmission link.
Forward error correction (FEC) is a way of adding redundancy to messages so that the receiver can both detect and correct common errors. (n; k) Block Encoder/Decoder. Codebook. A codebook is a mapping from k-bit data sequences to n-bit codewords with n > k. The code rate r = k < 1. Example (5,2) code 2. n (r = 5): Remarks:
Firstly we have done Bit Error Rate (BER) analysis of Forward Error Correction (FEC) techniques namely Hamming Code, Reed-Solomon Code and Convolutional Code with the help of MATLAB/Simulink in order to determine the best error correction technique to be used with DSSS.
