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  1. Protestantism in Germany. The religion of Protestantism ( German: Protestantismus ), a form of Christianity, was founded within Germany in the 16th-century Reformation. It was formed as a new direction from some Roman Catholic principles. It was led initially by Martin Luther and later by John Calvin.

  2. Germany - Reformation, Luther, Religion: The Reformation presents the historian with an acute instance of the general problem of scholarly interpretation—namely, whether events are shaped primarily by individuals or by the net of historical circumstances enmeshing them. The phenomenon that became the Protestant Reformation is unthinkable without the sense of mission and compelling ...

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  4. The Protestant Reformation began in Wittenberg, Germany, on October 31, 1517, when Martin Luther, a teacher and a monk, published a document he called Disputation on the Power of Indulgences, or 95 Theses. The document was a series of 95 ideas about Christianity that he invited people to debate with him. These ideas were controversial because ...

  5. Martin Luther was a German monk and Professor of Theology at the University of Wittenberg. Luther sparked the Reformation in 1517 by posting, at least according to tradition, his "95 Theses" on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany - these theses were a list of statements that expressed Luther's concerns about certain Church practices - largely the sale of indulgences, but they ...

  6. Mar 26, 2024 · Reformation was a historic movement that transformed the Western church and society in the 16th century. Learn about its definition, history, summary, reformers, and facts from Britannica, the trusted source of knowledge. Explore how Reformation challenged the authority of the pope, sparked the rise of Protestantism, and shaped the modern world.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  7. Apr 23, 2024 · Martin Luther (born November 10, 1483, Eisleben, Saxony [now in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany]—died February 18, 1546, Eisleben) was a German theologian and religious reformer who was the catalyst of the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. Through his words and actions, Luther precipitated a movement that reformulated certain basic tenets of ...

  8. Mar 3, 2017 · Such mandates were to play a crucial role in the institutionalisation of the Reformation throughout Protestant Germany and beyond. Frederick the Wise was in a precarious political position, under immediate threat from his cousin, the Catholic Duke George of Saxony, who was determined to execute the imperial edict against Luther, who had ...

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