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Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. [1] No direct record of Proto-Indo-European exists; its proposed features have been derived by linguistic reconstruction from documented Indo-European languages.
- Indo-European languages - Wikipedia
The proposed Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) is the...
- Proto-Indo-Europeans - Wikipedia
The Proto-Indo-Europeans are a hypothetical prehistoric...
- Indo-European languages - Simple English Wikipedia, the free ...
The Indo-European languages are the world's most spoken...
- Proto-Indo-Europeans - Simple English Wikipedia, the free ...
The Proto-Indo-Europeans were a group of people after the...
- Proto-Indo-European language - Simple English Wikipedia, the ...
Indo-European languages around 500 AD. The...
- Indo-European languages - Wikipedia
- Discovery and Reconstruction
- Phonology
- Morphology
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There are different ideas about when and where PIE was spoken. PIE may have been spoken as a single language. Then it began to separate, around 3700 BC. The exact date is not known. The most popular hypothesis for where it came from and how it spread is called the Kurgan hypothesis. In this theory, its origin is in the Pontic-Caspian steppeof Easte...
Vowels
The vowels in commonly used notation are:
Consonants
The corresponding consonants in commonly used notation are: The following phonemesare generally accepted: 1. Short vowels a, e, i, o, u 2. Long vowels ā, ē, ō; usually the macron is used to mark long vowels (a:, e:, o:). Sometimes, a colon (:)is also used to say that the vowel is long. 3. Diphthongs ai, au, āi, āu, ei, eu, ēi, ēu, oi, ou, ōi, ōu 4. vowel allophones of consonantal phonemes: u, i, r̥, l̥, m̥, n̥.
Accent
PIE had a free pitch accent. That means that the stress of a word could happen on any syllableand could change even for related words. Different meanings of a word could be marked only with high or low pitch.
PIE was an inflected language: it had roots with suffixes. That basic root shape is often altered by the ablaut, a system of regular vowel changes. An example of ablaut in English is the strong verb sing, sang, sung and the related noun song.
Because PIE was spoken a very long time ago, there are no texts anymore. Scientists have tried many times to make example texts for to show what it could be like. These are just educated guesses. People have tried for 150 years to make a single sentence in PIE, but this has not happened yet.[source?]Even so, such texts are still useful because they...
American Heritage Dictionary:Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Archived 2006-07-18 at the Wayback Machine(Leiden University)Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Archived 2016-04-20 at the Wayback Machine(University of Texas)The proposed Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, spoken by the Proto-Indo-Europeans. From the 1960s, knowledge of Anatolian became certain enough to establish its relationship to PIE.
The Proto-Indo-Europeans are a hypothetical prehistoric ethnolinguistic group of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. Knowledge of them comes chiefly from that linguistic reconstruction, along with material evidence from archaeology and archaeogenetics .
The Indo-European languages are the world's most spoken language family. [1] Linguists believe they all come from a single language, Proto-Indo-European, which was originally spoken somewhere in Eurasia. They are now spoken all over the world.
The Proto-Indo-Europeans were a group of people after the last Ice age. Their existence, from 4000 BC or earlier, is implied by their language. They were the speakers of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE), an unwritten but now partly reconstructed prehistoric language.
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed ancestor of the Indo-European languages. It is thought that PIE was spoken during the late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age - about 4500 - 2500 BC, possibly in Pontic-Caspian steppe north of the Black Sea. Another theory is that the PIE speakers originally came from Anatolia (modern Turkey).
