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Mar 26, 2024 · Reformation, the religious revolution that took place in the Western church in the 16th century. Its greatest leaders undoubtedly were Martin Luther and John Calvin. Having far-reaching political, economic, and social effects, the Reformation became the basis for the founding of Protestantism, one of the three major branches of Christianity.
- Causes & Effects
List of some of the major causes and effects of the...
- Ninety-five Theses
Ninety-five Theses, propositions for debate concerned with...
- Indulgences
The Roman Catholic Church conceded very few points to Luther...
- Anticlericalism
anticlericalism, in Roman Catholicism, opposition to the...
- Martin Luther
Martin Luther, a 16th-century monk and theologian, was one...
- Protestantism
Protestantism, Christian religious movement that began in...
- Key Facts
The Reformation was the religious revolution in the 16th...
- Causes & Effects
- Dating The Reformation
- The Reformation: Germany and Lutheranism
- The Reformation: Switzerland and Calvinism
- The Reformation: England and The 'Middle Way'
- The Counter-Reformation
- The Reformation’s Legacy
Historians usually date the start of the Protestant Reformation to the 1517 publication of Martin Luther’s “95 Theses.” Its ending can be placed anywhere from the 1555 Peace of Augsburg, which allowed for the coexistence of Catholicism and Lutheranism in Germany, to the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years’ War. The key ideas of ...
Martin Luther (1483-1546) was an Augustinian monk and university lecturer in Wittenberg when he composed his “95 Theses,” which protested the pope’s sale of reprieves from penance, or indulgences. Although he had hoped to spur renewal from within the church, in 1521 he was summoned before the Diet of Worms and excommunicated. Sheltered by Friedrich...
The Swiss Reformation began in 1519 with the sermons of Ulrich Zwingli, whose teachings largely paralleled Luther’s. In 1541 John Calvin, a French Protestant who had spent the previous decade in exile writing his “Institutes of the Christian Religion,” was invited to settle in Geneva and put his Reformed doctrine—which stressed God’s power and huma...
In England, the Reformation began with Henry VIII’s quest for a male heir. When Pope Clement VII refused to annul Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon so he could remarry, the English king declared in 1534 that he alone should be the final authority in matters relating to the English church. Henry dissolved England’s monasteries to confiscate th...
The Catholic Church was slow to respond systematically to the theological and publicity innovations of Luther and the other reformers. The Council of Trent, which met off and on from 1545 through 1563, articulated the Church’s answer to the problems that triggered the Reformation and to the reformers themselves. The Catholic Church of the Counter-R...
Along with the religious consequences of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation came deep and lasting political changes. Northern Europe’s new religious and political freedoms came at a great cost, with decades of rebellions, wars and bloody persecutions. The Thirty Years’ War alone may have cost Germany 40 percent of its population. But the Refor...
The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation and the European Reformation, was a major theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church.
Nov 10, 2021 · The Protestant Reformation was a reaction to the corruption and abuses of the medieval Catholic Church. When did the Protestant Reformation begin? The Protestant Reformation began in 1517 when the German priest Martin Luther issued his 95 Theses challenging the Church's policy on indulgences.
- Joshua J. Mark
- What are the dates of the Protestant Reformation?Although scholars differ on an answer, the dates of the Protestant Reformation are usually given as 1517-1648.
- Who were the major reformers during the Protestant Reformation?There were many significant reformers but the three considered the most important are Martin Luther, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Calvin.
- Were there any women involved in the Protestant Reformation?There were many women involved in the Protestant Reformation including Marguerite of Navarre, Marie Dentiere, Argula von Grumbach, and Katharina Ze...
- What are some effects of the Protestant Reformation?Effects of the Protestant Reformation include widespread literacy, modern democracy, individualism, civil rights, philosophical skepticism, and rel...
The Protestant Reformation. Today there are many types of Protestant Churches. For example, Baptist is currently the largest denomination in the United States but there are many dozens more. How did this happen? Where did they all begin?
