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The Palace of Versailles ( / vɛərˈsaɪ, vɜːrˈsaɪ / vair-SY, vur-SY; [1] French: château de Versailles [ʃɑto d (ə) vɛʁsɑj] ⓘ) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about 19 kilometers (12 mi) west of Paris, France . The palace is owned by the government of France and since 1995 has been ...
- 1661
- Versailles, France
- Government of France
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- Origins
- Ancien Régime
- French Revolution
- First Empire
- Bourbon Restoration
- July Monarchy
- Second Empire & The Start of The Third Republic
- Versailles Under Pierre de Nolhac
- Interwar Period
- The Van Der Kemp Period
The earliest mention of the name of Versailles is found in a document which predates 1038, the Charte de l'abbaye Saint-Père de Chartres (Charter of the Saint-Père de Chartres Abbey), in which one of the signatories was a certain Hugo de Versailliis (Hugues de Versailles), who was seigneurof Versailles. During this period, the village of Versailles...
Louis XIII
In the early seventeenth century, Gondi invited Louis XIII on several hunting trips in the forests surrounding Versailles. Pleased with the location, Louis ordered the construction of a hunting lodge in 1624. Designed by Philibert Le Roy, the structure, a small château, was constructed of stone and red brick, with a based roof. Eight years later, Louis obtained the seigneuryof Versailles from the Gondi family and began to make enlargements to the château. A vignette of Versailles from the 165...
Louis XIV
Louis XIII's successor, Louis XIV, had a great interest in Versailles. He settled on the royal hunting lodge at Versailles, and over the following decades had it expanded into one of the largest palaces in the world. Beginning in 1661, the architect Louis Le Vau, landscape architect André Le Nôtre, and painter-decorator Charles Lebrun began a detailed renovation and expansion of the château. This was done to fulfill Louis XIV's desire to establish a new centre for the royal court. Following t...
Louis XV
After the death of Louis XIV in 1715, the five-year-old king Louis XV, the court, and the Régence government of Philippe d'Orléans returned to Paris. In May 1717, during his visit to France, the Russian czar Peter the Great stayed at the Grand Trianon. His time at Versailles was used to observe and study the palace and gardens, which he later used as a source of inspiration when he built Peterhof on the Bay of Finland, west of Saint Petersburg. During the reign of Louis XV, Versailles underwe...
On 6 October 1789, the royal family had to leave Versailles and move to the Tuileries Palace in Paris, as a result of the Women's March on Versailles. During the early years of the French Revolution, preservation of the palace was largely in the hands of the citizens of Versailles. In October 1790, Louis XVI ordered the palace to be emptied of its ...
With the advent of Napoléon and the First Empire, the status of Versailles changed. Paintings and art work that had previously been assigned to Muséum national and the Musée spécial de l'École françaisewere systematically dispersed to other locations, and eventually the museum was closed. In accordance with provisions of the 1804 Constitution, Vers...
The Bourbon Restoration saw little activity at Versailles. Areas of the gardens were replanted but no significant restoration and modifications of the interiors were undertaken, despite the fact that Louis XVIII would often visit the palace and walk through the vacant rooms. Charles Xchose the Tuileries Palace over Versailles and rarely visited his...
With the Revolution of 1830 and the establishment of the July Monarchy, the status of Versailles changed. In March 1832, the Loi de la Liste civile was promulgated, which designated Versailles as a crown dependency. Like Napoléon before him, Louis-Philippe chose to live at the Grand Trianon; however, unlike Napoléon, Louis-Philippe did have a grand...
During the Second Empire, the museum remained essentially intact. The palace did serve as the backdrop for a number of state events including the visit by Queen Victoria. The palace was the site of seminal events in French and European history during the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) and the subsequent birth of the French Third Republic. During t...
Pierre de Nolhac arrived at the Palace of Versailles in 1887 and was appointed curator of the museum 18 November 1892. Upon his arrival, he planned to re-introduce historical galleries, organized scientifically, in contrast to the approach of Louis-Philippe, who had created the first galleries in a manner aimed at glorifying the history of France. ...
Pierre de Nolhac resigned his long held position as Curator of Versailles in 1920; his colleague André Pératé assumed the head role and oversaw the palace for the next 13 years. By the early 1920s, years of accumulating neglect had taken a serious toll on the physical condition of the palace and gardens. Given the perilous financial state of the po...
Under the aegis of Gérald Van der Kemp[fr], chief conservator of the museum from 1952 to 1980, the palace witnessed some of its most ambitious conservation and restoration projects: the Opéra (completed in 1957); the Grand Trianon (1965); the Chambre de la Reine (1975); the Chambre de Louis XIV and the Hall of Mirrors (1980).At this time, the groun...
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Aug 18, 2023 · Based on the wildly astonishing documentary directed by award-winning filmmaker Lauren Greenfield, The Queen of Versailles reunites celebrated Academy Award ® –winning songwriter Stephen Schwartz with Tony ® and Emmy Award ® winner Kristin Chenoweth as Jackie Siegel. Co-starring Academy Award ® winner F. Murray Abraham as David Siegel ...
